Morreale Chiara, Bresesti Ilia, Bosi Annalisa, Baj Andreina, Giaroni Cristina, Agosti Massimo, Salvatore Silvia
Department of Woman and Child, ASST-Settelaghi, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy.
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy.
Cells. 2022 Mar 11;11(6):971. doi: 10.3390/cells11060971.
Recently, a growing body of evidence has emerged regarding the interplay between microbiota and the nervous system. This relationship has been associated with several pathological conditions and also with the onset and regulation of pain. Dysregulation of the axis leads to a huge variety of diseases such as visceral hypersensitivity, stress-induced hyperalgesia, allodynia, inflammatory pain and functional disorders. In pain management, probiotics have shown promising results. This narrative review describes the peripheral and central mechanisms underlying pain processing and regulation, highlighting the role of the gut-brain axis in the modulation of pain. We summarized the main findings in regard to the stress impact on microbiota's composition and its influence on pain perception. We also focused on the relationship between gut microbiota and both visceral and inflammatory pain and we provided a summary of the main evidence regarding the mechanistic effects and probiotics use.
最近，关于微生物群与神经系统之间的相互作用，已有越来越多的证据出现。这种关系与多种病理状况以及疼痛的发生和调节有关。该轴的失调会导致多种疾病，如内脏超敏反应、应激性痛觉过敏、异常性疼痛、炎性疼痛和功能障碍。在疼痛管理方面，益生菌已显示出有前景的结果。这篇叙述性综述描述了疼痛处理和调节的外周及中枢机制，强调了肠-脑轴在疼痛调节中的作用。我们总结了关于应激对微生物群组成的影响及其对痛觉感知的影响的主要发现。我们还关注了肠道微生物群与内脏痛和炎性疼痛之间的关系，并提供了关于其作用机制及益生菌应用的主要证据的总结。
