八周功能性核心训练对青少年艺术体操运动员核心稳定性的影响：一项随机临床试验。

The Effect of Eight-Week Functional Core Training on Core Stability in Young Rhythmic Gymnasts: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

机构信息

Department of Sports Sciences, Ramon Llull University, FPCEE Blanquerna, 08022 Barcelona, Spain.

Royal Spanish Swimming Federation, 28007 Madrid, Spain.

出版信息

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 16;19(6):3509. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19063509.

DOI:10.3390/ijerph19063509

PMID:35329194

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8953477/

Abstract

It is suggested that core stability (CS) might improve rhythmic gymnasts’ performance. Nevertheless, the effect of core stability training (CST) in CS performance is not clear. Purpose: Evaluating the effect of an eight-week functional CST on young rhythmics gymnasts’ CS performance. Method: A sample of 45 young female rhythmic gymnasts from a competitive team (age = 10.5 ± 1.8 years, height = 144.1 ± 10.6 cm, weight 38.2 ± 8.9 kg, peak height velocity (PHV) = 12.2 ± 0.6 years) participated in the study. The participants were randomly allocated into the control group (CG) and experimental group (EG) and completed pre-tests and post-tests of specific CS tests using a pressure biofeedback unit (PBU). The CS was assessed by the bent knee fall out (BKFO), the active straight leg raise (ASLR) tests and the pelvic tilt test, all performed on the right and left sides. The EG (n = 23) performed an eight-week functional CST program based on rhythmic gymnastics (RG) technical requirements added to the traditional RG training sessions. Meanwhile, the CG (n = 22) received the traditional RG training sessions. Results: Mixed model analysis showed non-significant interaction effects; however, the ANOVA omnibus test showed a time effect (p < 0.05) in right BKFO (F1,42 = 4.60; p = 0.038) and both pelvic tilt tests (right F1,42 = 22.01, p < 0.001; left F1,42 = 19.13, p < 0.001). There were non-significant interaction effects. The fixed effects estimated parameters for right BKFO showed that both groups had less pressure variation after intervention compared with pre-intervention (β = −1.85 mmHg, 95%CI = [−3.54 to −0.16], t42 = −2.14, p = 0.038). Furthermore, the left pelvic tilt (β = 37.0 s, 95%CI = [20.4 to 53.6], t42 = 4.37, p < 0.001) improved 8.9 s more than the right pelvic tilt (β = 28.1 s, 95%CI = [16.3 to 39.8], t42 = 4.69, p < 0.001) considering both groups together. Conclusions: Adding a functional CST to regular training showed a trend in improving the performance of CS-related variables, which could help improve RG-specific performance. Coaches working with rhythmic gymnasts should consider adding a functional CST to regular training to improve CS performance leading to increased specific RG performance.

摘要

建议核心稳定性（CS）可能会提高艺术体操运动员的表现。然而，核心稳定性训练（CST）对 CS 表现的影响尚不清楚。目的：评估八周功能性 CST 对竞技艺术体操年轻运动员 CS 表现的影响。方法：从一支竞技队中招募了 45 名年轻女性艺术体操运动员（年龄=10.5±1.8 岁，身高=144.1±10.6cm，体重 38.2±8.9kg，峰值身高速度（PHV）=12.2±0.6 岁）参加了这项研究。参与者被随机分配到对照组（CG）和实验组（EG），并使用压力生物反馈单元（PBU）完成特定 CS 测试的预测试和后测试。CS 通过屈膝外展（BKFO）、主动直腿抬高（ASLR）测试和骨盆倾斜测试进行评估，均在右侧和左侧进行。EG（n=23）根据艺术体操（RG）技术要求进行了八周的功能性 CST 训练，该训练基于 RG 传统训练课程。同时，CG（n=22）接受了 RG 传统训练课程。结果：混合模型分析显示交互作用无显著性差异；然而，方差分析整体检验显示右侧 BKFO（F1,42=4.60；p=0.038）和双侧骨盆倾斜测试（右侧 F1,42=22.01，p<0.001；左侧 F1,42=19.13，p<0.001）均存在时间效应（p<0.05）。无显著性交互作用。右侧 BKFO 的固定效应估计参数显示，与干预前相比，两组在干预后压力变化均较小（β=-1.85mmHg，95%CI=[-3.54 至-0.16]，t42=-2.14，p=0.038）。此外，与右侧骨盆倾斜相比，左侧骨盆倾斜（β=37.0s，95%CI=[20.4 至 53.6]，t42=4.37，p<0.001）改善了 8.9s。考虑到两组一起，右侧骨盆倾斜（β=28.1s，95%CI=[16.3 至 39.8]，t42=4.69，p<0.001）。结论：在常规训练中加入功能性 CST 显示出改善与 CS 相关变量表现的趋势，这有助于提高 RG 特定表现。与艺术体操运动员合作的教练应考虑在常规训练中加入功能性 CST，以提高 CS 表现，从而提高特定 RG 表现。