Asad Shahzad, Fayyaz Muhammad, Majeed Khawar, Rehman Aziz Ur, Ali Sajid, Liu Jindong, Rasheed Awais, Wang Yamei
Department of Plant and Environmental Protection, Crop Disease Research Institute, National Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
J Fungi (Basel). 2022 Feb 23;8(3):219. doi: 10.3390/jof8030219.
Karnal bunt caused by is a quarantine disease of wheat causing huge economic losses due to the ban on the import of bunted grains. This study was designed to characterize pathogenicity, aggressiveness and genetic diversity of 68 isolates collected from different geographic regions of Pakistan. Forty-six isolates were tested for their pathogenicity on eight wheat varieties, out of which three were non-aggressive. The coefficient of infection (CI) ranged from 15.73% (PB-25) to 10% (PB-68, PB-60, and PB-43). The isolates collected from central Punjab showed higher infestation compared to other isolates. Among the wheat varieties used for the aggressiveness study, WL-711 showed susceptible reaction with 10.88% CI, while NIFA-Barsat, HD-29, Janbaz, Bakhtawar-92, Tatara, and AARI 2011 showed resistance to the highly resistant response. These isolates were amplified using 31 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and 32 inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers for diversity analysis. The principal component analysis (PCA) and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed greater divergence among isolates collected from Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), with a moderate level of admixture. The isolates from Faisalabad (Punjab) were more aggressive compared to isolates from KPK and were clearly separated based on PCA, indicating the significant genetic distance in the populations. Our findings will assist breeders and pathologists in better understanding the pathogenic variability in and in subsequent disease management.
由[病原体名称未给出]引起的卡纳尔腥黑穗病是小麦的一种检疫性病害，由于带菌谷物进口受限，造成了巨大的经济损失。本研究旨在对从巴基斯坦不同地理区域收集的68个[病原体名称未给出]分离株的致病性、侵袭力和遗传多样性进行表征。对46个分离株在8个小麦品种上进行了致病性测试，其中3个分离株无侵袭力。感染系数（CI）范围为15.73%（PB - 25）至10%（PB - 68、PB - 60和PB - 43）。与其他分离株相比，从旁遮普中部收集的分离株侵染率更高。在用于侵袭力研究的小麦品种中，WL - 711表现出感病反应，感染系数为10.88%，而NIFA - Barsat、HD - 29、Janbaz、Bakhtawar - 92、Tatara和AARI 2011表现出抗性至高抗反应。使用31个随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）标记和32个简单序列重复区间（ISSR）标记对这些分离株进行扩增以进行多样性分析。主成分分析（PCA）和分子方差分析（AMOVA）表明，从旁遮普和开伯尔 - 普赫图赫瓦省（KPK）收集的分离株之间存在较大差异，且有适度的混合水平。来自费萨拉巴德（旁遮普）的分离株比来自开伯尔 - 普赫图赫瓦省的分离株侵袭力更强，并且基于主成分分析明显分开，表明种群间存在显著的遗传距离。我们的研究结果将有助于育种者和病理学家更好地了解[病原体名称未给出]的致病性变异以及后续的病害管理。
