de Castro-de-Paiva Patrícia, Marinho Thatiany de Souza, Mandarim-de-Lacerda Carlos Alberto, Aguila Marcia Barbosa
Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
J Nutr Biochem. 2022 Jun;104:108997. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.108997. Epub 2022 Mar 22.
Intermittent fasting (IF) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) are procedures that might mitigate the effects of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Two groups of 3-month-old C57BL/6 male mice were fed for 16 weeks with a control (C) or high-fat (HF) diet. In the last 4 weeks of the study, IF, HIIT, and IF/HIIT were implemented. Obese HF animals showed liver fat accumulation with macro-, and micro-vesicular steatosis and inflammatory infiltrate. IF and HIIT successfully reduced liver steatosis in the HF-derived groups. IF, HIIT, and IF/HIIT were beneficial in improving glucose metabolism in both C-derived and HF-derived groups. High levels observed in plasmatic and liver levels of total cholesterol and triacylglycerol in the HF group compared to the C group were mitigated by IF, HIIT, and IF/HIIT. IF decreased adiponectin and increased leptin and insulin in the HF group. HIIT improved adiponectin and leptin. IF chances liver gene expressions: increased interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the C IF group, reduced IL-6, and PAI-1 in the HF group. IF/HIIT reduced IL-6, MCP-1, and PAI-1. IF and HIIT enhanced hepatic beta-oxidation. However, lipogenesis was reduced by IF and HIIT in the HF-derived groups. In conclusion, IF and HIIT benefit weight loss, hormones, glucose tolerance/insulin resistance, liver steatosis/inflammation, fatty acid oxidation, and lipogenesis. Furthermore, the IF groups showed beneficial effects more often and intensely than HIIT ones. The IF/HIIT combination was slightly more efficient than IF, indicating that IF is the primary intervening factor benefiting the obese mouse liver.
间歇性禁食（IF）和高强度间歇训练（HIIT）可能会减轻非酒精性脂肪性肝病的影响。将两组3个月大的C57BL/6雄性小鼠分别用对照（C）或高脂（HF）饮食喂养16周。在研究的最后4周，实施了间歇性禁食、高强度间歇训练以及两者结合的方案。肥胖的高脂饮食动物出现肝脏脂肪堆积，伴有大泡性和小泡性脂肪变性以及炎症浸润。间歇性禁食和高强度间歇训练成功减轻了高脂饮食组的肝脏脂肪变性。间歇性禁食、高强度间歇训练以及两者结合的方案对改善对照组和高脂饮食组的葡萄糖代谢均有益。与对照组相比，高脂饮食组血浆和肝脏中总胆固醇和三酰甘油水平较高，而间歇性禁食、高强度间歇训练以及两者结合的方案减轻了这种情况。间歇性禁食使高脂饮食组的脂联素降低，瘦素和胰岛素增加。高强度间歇训练改善了脂联素和瘦素水平。间歇性禁食改变了肝脏基因表达：在对照组间歇性禁食组中白细胞介素-6（IL-6）增加，在高脂饮食组中白细胞介素-6和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1（PAI-1）降低。间歇性禁食与高强度间歇训练结合降低了白细胞介素-6、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1。间歇性禁食和高强度间歇训练增强了肝脏的β-氧化。然而，在高脂饮食组中，间歇性禁食和高强度间歇训练减少了脂肪生成。总之，间歇性禁食和高强度间歇训练有利于体重减轻、激素调节、葡萄糖耐量/胰岛素抵抗、肝脏脂肪变性/炎症、脂肪酸氧化和脂肪生成。此外，间歇性禁食组比高强度间歇训练组更频繁、更强烈地显示出有益效果。间歇性禁食与高强度间歇训练结合的方案比间歇性禁食略有效，表明间歇性禁食是有益于肥胖小鼠肝脏的主要干预因素。
