Diagnostica Specialistica, Sezione di Campobasso, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Via Garibaldi 155, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
Medicine and Health Science Department "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via de Santis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
Nutrients. 2022 Mar 11;14(6):1178. doi: 10.3390/nu14061178.
Lactobacilli constitute the dominant microbiota in many fermented foods and comprise widely used probiotics. However, these bacteria cause rare infections mostly in diabetic and immunocompromised subjects in presence of risk factors such as prosthetic hearth valves and dental procedures or caries. The scope of this survey was re-assessing the pathogenic potential of lactobacilli based on the infection case reports published in the last three years. In 2019, 2020, and 2021, total of 17, 15, and 16 cases, respectively, including endocarditis, bacteremia, and other infections, were reported. These annual numbers are higher than those observed previously. (13 cases), comprising strain GG (ATCC 53103) with established applications in healthcare, (7 cases), (5 cases), (5 cases), (3 cases), , subsp. , , , , and (1 case each) were involved. Virulence characterization of two strains that caused infections, a derivative of GG and LP10266, indicated that increased biofilm-forming capacity favors pathogenicity and it is determined by variable genetic traits. This survey highlights that the strains of lactobacilli that cause infections are little characterized genetically. Instead, to avoid that these bacteria become a hazard, genetic stability should be periodically re-evaluated by whole genome sequencing (WGS) to ensure that only non-pathogenic variants are administered to vulnerable individuals.
乳杆菌构成了许多发酵食品中的主要微生物群，并包含广泛使用的益生菌。然而，这些细菌在存在人工心脏瓣膜和牙科手术或龋齿等危险因素的情况下，仅在糖尿病和免疫功能低下的患者中引起罕见感染。本次调查的范围是根据过去三年发表的感染病例报告，重新评估乳杆菌的致病潜力。2019 年、2020 年和 2021 年，分别报告了 17、15 和 16 例感染病例，包括心内膜炎、菌血症和其他感染。这些年报告的病例数高于之前观察到的病例数。（13 例），其中包括在医疗保健中有既定应用的 GG 株（ATCC 53103）；（7 例），（5 例），（5 例），（5 例），（3 例），，，，和（1 例）。引起感染的两种菌株的毒力特征表明，增加生物膜形成能力有利于致病性，并且由可变遗传特征决定。本次调查强调，引起感染的乳杆菌菌株在遗传上的特征很少。相反，为了避免这些细菌成为危害，应通过全基因组测序（WGS）定期重新评估遗传稳定性，以确保仅向易受感染的个体施用非致病性变异体。
