Sayles J S, Mancilla Garcia M, Hamilton M, Alexander S M, Baggio J A, Fischer A P, Ingold K, Meredith G R, Pittman J
ORISE Fellow Appointed with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, RI, USA.
Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Environ Res Lett. 2019 Aug 23;14(9):1-18. doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab2619.
Social-ecological network (SEN) concepts and tools are increasingly used in human-environment and sustainability sciences. We take stock of this budding research area to further show the strength of SEN analysis for complex human-environment settings, identify future synergies between SEN and wider human-environment research, and provide guidance about when to use different kinds of SEN approaches and models. We characterize SEN research along a spectrum specifying the degree of explicit network representation of system components and dynamics. We then systematically review one end of this spectrum, what we term "fully articulated SEN" studies, which specifically model unique social and ecological units and relationships. Results show more focus on methodological advancement and applied ends. While there has been some development and testing of theories, this remains an area for future work and would help develop SENs as a unique field of research, not just a method. Authors have studied diverse systems, while mainly focused on the problem of social-ecological fit alongside a scattering of other topics. There is strong potential, however, to engage other issues central to human-environment studies. Analyzing the simultaneous effects of multiple social, environmental, and coupled processes, change over time, and linking network structures to outcomes are also areas for future advancement. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of (fully articulated) SEN research, a necessary step that can help scholars develop comparable cases and fill research gaps.
社会生态网络（SEN）的概念和工具在人类环境与可持续性科学中越来越多地被使用。我们对这一新兴研究领域进行了总结，以进一步展示SEN分析在复杂人类环境中的优势，确定SEN与更广泛的人类环境研究之间未来的协同作用，并就何时使用不同类型的SEN方法和模型提供指导。我们沿着一个光谱对SEN研究进行了特征描述，该光谱规定了系统组件和动态的明确网络表示程度。然后，我们系统地回顾了这个光谱的一端，即我们所称的“完全阐述的SEN”研究，这些研究专门对独特的社会和生态单位及关系进行建模。结果表明，更多地关注方法学的进步和应用目的。虽然已经有了一些理论的发展和检验，但这仍然是一个未来工作的领域，并且有助于将SEN发展成为一个独特的研究领域，而不仅仅是一种方法。作者们研究了各种各样的系统，同时主要关注社会生态适应性问题以及其他一些分散的主题。然而，参与人类环境研究的其他核心问题具有很大的潜力。分析多种社会、环境和耦合过程的同时影响、随时间的变化以及将网络结构与结果联系起来也是未来进步的领域。这篇综述对（完全阐述的）SEN研究进行了全面评估，这是一个必要步骤，有助于学者们开发可比案例并填补研究空白。
