Guinet R
Pathol Biol (Paris). 1986 May;34(5):536-9.
The comparative susceptibility of 1 850 yeast strains belonging to 8 species was determined. The standardized micromethods used allows determinations of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) or categorized sensitivities for two different concentrations (AB). Overall results showed that amphotericin B (AMB) is the most active agent, followed by the various imidazoles. 5-fluorocytosine (5FC) was the least effective drug, with 68% susceptible strains. However, results varied widely across species and drugs. For instance, among Candida albicans and Torulopsis glabrata strains, none were resistant to AMB and only 6% were resistant to 5-FC; in contrast, Candida albicans was highly susceptible to imidazoles (0.8 to 2.5% resistant strains) whereas Torulopsis glabrata showed much higher resistance rates (18% of strains for tioconazole and 70% for ketoconazole). Variations in susceptibility were also recorded across imidazoles: clotrimazole, tioconazole and ketoconazole were much more effective against Candida tropicalis and Candida parapsilosis than miconazole and econazole, whereas almost no strains were resistant to AMB and more than 50% of strains were resistant to 5-FC. Results obtained by AB (967 strains) and MIC (455 strains) were consistent for the 1 422 Candida albicans strains. Our results show that standardized micromethods should be used to determine the susceptibility of yeasts to antifungal agents.
测定了属于8个种的1850株酵母菌株的相对敏感性。所采用的标准化微量方法可测定最低抑菌浓度（MIC）或两种不同浓度（AB）的分类敏感性。总体结果表明，两性霉素B（AMB）是最有效的药物，其次是各种咪唑类药物。5-氟胞嘧啶（5FC）是最无效的药物，有68%的敏感菌株。然而，不同菌种和药物的结果差异很大。例如，在白色念珠菌和光滑念珠菌菌株中，没有一株对AMB耐药，只有6%对5-FC耐药；相比之下，白色念珠菌对咪唑类药物高度敏感（耐药菌株为0.8%至2.5%），而光滑念珠菌的耐药率则高得多（噻康唑为18%的菌株，酮康唑为70%的菌株）。不同咪唑类药物的敏感性也有差异：克霉唑、噻康唑和酮康唑对热带念珠菌和近平滑念珠菌的效果比对咪康唑和益康唑好得多，而几乎没有菌株对AMB耐药，超过50%的菌株对5-FC耐药。对于1422株白色念珠菌菌株，通过AB法（967株）和MIC法（455株）获得的结果是一致的。我们的结果表明，应使用标准化微量方法来测定酵母对抗真菌药物的敏感性。
