Mohr Alex E, Pugh Jamie, O'Sullivan Orla, Black Katherine, Townsend Jeremy R, Pyne David B, Wardenaar Floris C, West Nicholas P, Whisner Corrie M, McFarland Lynne V
College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States.
Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Front Nutr. 2022 Mar 8;9:809983. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.809983. eCollection 2022.
Probiotic supplementation, traditionally used for the prevention or treatment of a variety of disease indications, is now recognized in a variety of population groups including athletes and those physically active for improving general health and performance. However, experimental and clinical trials with probiotics commonly suffer from design flaws and different outcome measures, making comparison and synthesis of conclusions difficult. Here we review current randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using probiotics for performance improvement, prevention of common illnesses, or general health, in a specific target population (athletes and those physically active). Future RCTs should address the key elements of (1) properly defining and characterizing a probiotic intervention, (2) study design factors, (3) study population characteristics, and (4) outcome measures, that will allow valid conclusions to be drawn. Careful evaluation and implementation of these elements should yield improved trials, which will better facilitate the generation of evidence-based probiotic supplementation recommendations for athletes and physically active individuals.
益生菌补充剂传统上用于预防或治疗多种疾病指征，现在在包括运动员和那些积极锻炼的人群在内的各种人群中被认可，用于改善总体健康状况和运动表现。然而，益生菌的实验和临床试验通常存在设计缺陷和不同的结果测量方法，使得结论的比较和综合变得困难。在这里，我们回顾了目前在特定目标人群（运动员和积极锻炼的人）中使用益生菌来提高运动表现、预防常见疾病或改善总体健康的随机对照试验（RCT）。未来的RCT应关注以下关键要素：（1）正确定义和描述益生菌干预措施；（2）研究设计因素；（3）研究人群特征；（4）结果测量方法，以便得出有效的结论。对这些要素进行仔细评估和实施应能产生改进的试验，这将更好地促进为运动员和积极锻炼的人制定基于证据的益生菌补充建议。
