Arage Mahlet, Eguale Tadesse, Giday Mirutse
Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Infect Drug Resist. 2022 Mar 24;15:1267-1276. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S359280. eCollection 2022.
Bacterial pathogens have evolved numerous defense mechanisms against commercial antimicrobial agents, and their resistance to most of the available antimicrobials is increasing. Medicinal plants are a potential source of antimicrobial agents during the spread and emergence of infectious disease caused by resistant microorganisms. The aim of this study was thus to investigate the antimicrobial activity and acute toxicity of 80% methanol extracts of leaves of , seeds of , and fruit of .
The 80% methanol extracts were prepared by cold maceration. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against five bacterial species using agar-well diffusion at concentrations of 125, 250, and 500 mg/mL in the presence of positive and negative controls. Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by broth dilution. The acute toxicity study was done following OECD guidelines.
The 80% methanol extract of the fruit of exhibited better activity against most of the bacterial strains, of which serovar Typhimurium was found to be the most susceptible, with minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of 1.3 mg/mL and 1.95 mg/mL, respectively, while the seed extract of showed the least activity against most test organisms. The acute toxicity study showed that all three plants had an LD >2,000 mg/kg body weight, and were thus safe.
The results of this study revealed that the methanol extracts of the three plants (, , and ) had different degrees of antibacterial activity against the selected pathogenic bacteria and were safe at higher doses, thus being of great potential to be developed as antibacterial agents. The study also provided scientific evidence to support the continued traditional use of these medicinal plants by communities in different parts of Ethiopia to treat infectious diseases.
细菌病原体已进化出多种针对商用抗菌剂的防御机制，并且它们对大多数现有抗菌药物的耐药性正在增加。在由耐药微生物引起的传染病传播和出现期间，药用植物是抗菌剂的潜在来源。因此，本研究的目的是调查[植物名称1]叶、[植物名称2]种子和[植物名称3]果实的80%甲醇提取物的抗菌活性和急性毒性。
通过冷浸法制备80%甲醇提取物。在有阳性和阴性对照的情况下，使用琼脂孔扩散法在125、250和500 mg/mL的浓度下评估对五种细菌的抗菌活性。通过肉汤稀释法测定最低抑菌浓度。急性毒性研究按照经合组织指南进行。
[植物名称3]果实的80%甲醇提取物对大多数细菌菌株表现出更好的活性，其中鼠伤寒血清型[细菌名称]被发现最敏感，最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度分别为1.3 mg/mL和1.95 mg/mL，而[植物名称2]的种子提取物对大多数测试微生物的活性最低。急性毒性研究表明，所有三种植物的半数致死剂量均>2000 mg/kg体重，因此是安全的。
本研究结果表明，这三种植物（[植物名称1]、[植物名称2]和[植物名称3]）的甲醇提取物对所选病原菌具有不同程度的抗菌活性，并且在高剂量下是安全的，因此具有作为抗菌剂开发的巨大潜力。该研究还提供了科学证据，以支持埃塞俄比亚不同地区的社区继续传统使用这些药用植物来治疗传染病。
