Rehm Jürgen, Štelemėkas Mindaugas, Kim Kawon Victoria, Zafar Anush, Lange Shannon
Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Dalla Lana School of Public Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Health Inequal. 2021;7(2):91-95. doi: 10.5114/jhi.2021.113167. Epub 2021 Dec 31.
The aim of this narrative review is to give an overview of alcohol consumption, attributable health harm, and potential alcohol control policies to reduce this harm in five Central and Eastern European Union countries: Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland. The overall level of alcohol consumption was high, with the two highest-consuming countries in the world being situated in Central and Eastern Europe (Czech Republic, Latvia), and all five of these countries being in the top 15% of World Health Organization member states with respect to consumption. Accordingly, alcohol-attributable health harm was high. Implementation of alcohol control policies could be improved, especially the implementation of pricing policies such as taxation increases. A moderate increase of the tax share on alcohol could result in thousands of lives being saved in Central and Eastern Europe in a single year. As taxation increases not only save lives, but also increase state revenue, the implementation of this alcohol control measure should be made a priority.
本叙述性综述的目的是概述中欧和东欧五个欧盟国家（捷克共和国、爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚、立陶宛和波兰）的酒精消费情况、可归因的健康危害以及减少此类危害的潜在酒精控制政策。酒精消费总体水平较高，世界上酒精消费量最高的两个国家位于中欧和东欧（捷克共和国、拉脱维亚），并且这五个国家在世界卫生组织成员国的消费排名中均位居前15%。因此，酒精所致的健康危害很大。酒精控制政策的实施有待改进，尤其是税收增加等定价政策的实施。适度提高酒精税份额可能会使中欧和东欧每年挽救数千人的生命。由于税收增加不仅能挽救生命，还能增加国家财政收入，因此应优先实施这一酒精控制措施。
