Li Yuan, Qiu Fangxinrui, Luo Biru, Hu Yanling, Li Jie, Li Ying Xin, He Ping, Fang Jinbo
Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Jan 15;12:1410452. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1410452. eCollection 2024.
The study aims to explore the relationship between impostor phenomenon and emotional exhaustion among nurses and to examine the potential mediating role of bi-directional work-family conflict.
A cross-sectional survey using convenience sampling was conducted from January to April 2023, involving 4,088 Chinese nurses. Of those, 3,977 nurses across 43 public hospitals completed the web-based survey that included a sociodemographic information questionnaire, the short Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale, the Bi-directional Scale of Work-Family Conflict, and the Emotional Exhaustion Scale. SPSS with Hayes's PROCESS v4.2 Macro was employed to examine the mediation model using bootstrap techniques.
After controlling for confounding factors, impostor phenomenon was found to have a direct positive effect on emotional exhaustion (𝛽 = 0.134, 95% CI [0.122 to 0.145]); the two dimensions of work-family conflict, work interfering with family (𝛽 = 0.099, 95% CI [0.090 to 0.109]) and family interfering with work (𝛽 = 0.017, 95% CI [0.012 to 0.022]), served as parallel mediators in the relationship between impostor phenomenon and emotional exhaustion. Compared to family interfering with work, impostor phenomenon had a greater influence on emotional exhaustion through the mediation of work interfering with family, with a difference in the mediating effects of 0.082 (95% CI [0.073 to 0.096]). (The symbol denotes the regression coefficient, estimated through mediation analysis using a bias-corrected bootstrapping procedure. CI represents the confidence interval for the specified parameter).
This study reveals that impostor phenomenon not only directly affects emotional exhaustion but also exerts parallel mediation effects through bi-directional work-family conflict, with work interfering with family exerting a stronger mediating effect than family interfering with work. The findings elucidate the complex interplay between impostor phenomenon, an intrapersonal psychological factor, and work-family conflict, an interpersonal stressor, in contributing to emotional exhaustion among Chinese nurses, providing valuable insights to guide efforts aimed at safeguarding nurses' mental health and well-being.
本研究旨在探讨护士群体中冒名顶替现象与情绪耗竭之间的关系，并检验双向工作-家庭冲突的潜在中介作用。
于2023年1月至4月采用便利抽样法进行横断面调查，共纳入4088名中国护士。其中，43家公立医院的3977名护士完成了基于网络的调查，该调查包括社会人口学信息问卷、简短的克兰斯冒名顶替现象量表、双向工作-家庭冲突量表和情绪耗竭量表。使用带有海斯PROCESS v4.2宏程序的SPSS软件，采用自助法检验中介模型。
在控制混杂因素后，发现冒名顶替现象对情绪耗竭有直接的正向影响（β = 0.134，95%置信区间[0.122至0.145]）；工作-家庭冲突的两个维度，即工作干扰家庭（β = 0.099，95%置信区间[0.090至0.109]）和家庭干扰工作（β = 0.017，95%置信区间[0.012至0.022]），在冒名顶替现象与情绪耗竭的关系中起平行中介作用。与家庭干扰工作相比，冒名顶替现象通过工作干扰家庭的中介作用对情绪耗竭的影响更大，中介效应差异为0.082（95%置信区间[0.073至0.096]）。（符号 表示回归系数，通过使用偏差校正自助法的中介分析估计。CI表示指定参数的置信区间）。
本研究表明，冒名顶替现象不仅直接影响情绪耗竭，还通过双向工作-家庭冲突发挥平行中介作用，其中工作干扰家庭的中介作用强于家庭干扰工作。研究结果阐明了冒名顶替现象（一种个体内部心理因素）与工作-家庭冲突（一种人际压力源）在导致中国护士情绪耗竭方面的复杂相互作用，为指导旨在维护护士心理健康和幸福感的努力提供了有价值的见解。
