Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches en Psychopathologie et Psychologie de la Santé, Université de Toulouse-Jean Jaurès, 5 allées Antonio Machado, 31058, Toulouse, France.
Eat Weight Disord. 2022 Oct;27(7):2523-2531. doi: 10.1007/s40519-022-01392-9. Epub 2022 Mar 31.
Studies suggested that menopause is a period of vulnerability for disordered eating behaviors, but whether menopause could be linked to orthorexia nervosa (ON) remains unexplored.
A sample composed of 709 women aged between 30 and 71 years (mean age = 43.08 years, SD = 9.24) answered self-administered questionnaires assessing ON (Düsseldorfer Orthorexia Skala, DOS), body image, self-esteem, and psychopathological symptoms. The sample included a Premenopause group of 441 women reporting regular menses, a Perimenopause group of 94 women reporting the recent onset of amenorrhea or menstrual irregularities, and a Postmenopause group of 174 women reporting amenorrhea of natural onset for more than 12 months.
Group comparison using analysis of covariance with age as covariate showed that ON scores were statistically higher in the two groups of participants dealing with menopause (Peri- and Postmenopause) when compared with women not yet concerned by menopause (Premenopause). A Kendall's tau-b correlation performed between the menopausal status (Pre, Peri, or Postmenopause) and DOS categories (No ON; At risk of ON; Presence of ON) showed a weak but statistically significant positive correlation between the menopausal group and DOS categories (tau-b = 0.136, p < 0.001). In addition, Fisher's exact tests indicated that the percentages of participants in the "At risk of ON" and "Presence of ON" categories were statistically higher in the Postmenopause group in comparison with the Premenopause group (p < 0.001). Depressive symptoms were statistically higher in the Peri- and Post-groups, while anxiety symptoms were stronger in the Peri-group when compared with the Pre-group.
This study shows an increase of ON in women concerned with menopause, suggesting the existence of a relationship between menopause and ON. Further studies are necessary to identify factors involved in this association.
Descriptive (cross-sectional) study, level V.
研究表明，绝经是饮食失调行为脆弱的时期，但绝经是否与神经强迫症（ON）有关仍不清楚。
一个由 709 名年龄在 30 至 71 岁之间的女性组成的样本（平均年龄 43.08 岁，标准差 9.24）回答了自我管理问卷，评估了 ON（杜塞尔多夫神经强迫症量表，DOS）、身体形象、自尊和精神病理学症状。该样本包括一个 441 名报告月经规律的绝经前组、一个 94 名报告最近出现闭经或月经不规律的围绝经期组和一个 174 名报告自然绝经超过 12 个月的绝经后组。
使用协方差分析比较各组，以年龄为协变量，结果显示，处于围绝经期（peri 和 postmenopause）的两组参与者的 ON 评分明显高于尚未绝经的妇女（绝经前）。对绝经状态（pre、peri 或 postmenopause）和 DOS 类别（无 ON；有 ON 风险；存在 ON）进行肯德尔 tau-b 相关分析显示，绝经组与 DOS 类别之间存在弱但具有统计学意义的正相关（tau-b=0.136，p<0.001）。此外，Fisher 确切检验表明，在绝经后组中，处于“有 ON 风险”和“存在 ON”类别的参与者百分比明显高于绝经前组（p<0.001）。围绝经期和绝经后组的抑郁症状明显较高，而围绝经期组的焦虑症状较绝经前组更强。
本研究表明，处于围绝经期的女性 ON 发生率增加，提示绝经与 ON 之间存在关系。需要进一步研究以确定与这种关联相关的因素。
描述性（横断面）研究，等级 V。
