探讨伊朗老年慢性病多患者家庭照顾者所面临的挑战：一项定性研究。
Exploring challenges among Iranian family caregivers of seniors with multiple chronic conditions: a qualitative research study.
机构信息
Nursing Department, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Nursing, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Geriatr. 2022 Apr 1;22(1):270. doi: 10.1186/s12877-022-02881-3.
BACKGROUND
It is believed that seniors with multiple chronic diseases are in dire need of support from their family caregivers; however, it can impose a significant burden on these caregivers. Therefore, it is imperative to take into account caregivers' needs, as covert patients, along with the needs of patients; besides, it is necessary to develop supportive and health promotion programs for them. There is a critical gap in the knowledge about health problems related to family caregivers of the growing population of these senior citizens. The present study aimed to explain the challenges imposed on family caregivers of seniors with several chronic diseases in Iran.
METHODS
This study was conducted based on the conventional qualitative content analysis method. For this purpose, 13 family caregivers of seniors with several chronic diseases were selected using the purposive sampling method. The study population included those referred to two health centers and outpatient clinics of two public hospitals in Khorramabad, Iran. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed along with data collection using inductive thematic analysis proposed by Elo and Kyngäs. Besides, Guba and Lincoln's criteria were used to ensure the trustworthiness of the data.
RESULTS
The analysis of the obtained data led to the identification of challenges of family caregivers of the older patients with multiple chronic diseases; these challenges were classified into six main categories, including the impact of caregiving on family relationships, disruption of social relationships, disruption of personal and occupational plans, physical health-related issues, negative emotions, and dealing with the high costs of care.
CONCLUSIONS
Given that family caregivers may face several challenges while taking care of seniors with multiple chronic diseases, healthcare providers should design and plan various interventions based on such challenges using a caregiver-centered approach.
背景
据信，患有多种慢性病的老年人非常需要其家庭照顾者的支持；然而，这可能会给这些照顾者带来巨大的负担。因此，必须考虑到照顾者的需求，包括那些作为“隐患者”的照顾者，以及患者的需求；此外，有必要为他们制定支持性和促进健康的计划。对于与这些老年公民不断增长的人口有关的家庭照顾者的健康问题，知识方面存在着一个关键缺口。本研究旨在解释伊朗患有多种慢性病的老年人的家庭照顾者所面临的挑战。
方法
本研究基于传统的定性内容分析方法进行。为此，采用目的抽样法选择了 13 名患有多种慢性病的老年人的家庭照顾者。研究对象包括那些被转诊到伊朗霍拉马巴德的两家医疗中心和两家公立医院的门诊诊所的患者。通过半结构化访谈收集数据。数据分析是在数据收集的同时进行的，采用 Elo 和 Kyngäs 提出的归纳主题分析方法。此外，还使用了 Guba 和 Lincoln 的标准来确保数据的可信度。
结果
对所获得数据的分析导致确定了患有多种慢性疾病的老年患者的家庭照顾者面临的挑战；这些挑战分为六个主要类别，包括照顾对家庭关系的影响、社会关系的中断、个人和职业计划的中断、与身体健康相关的问题、负面情绪以及应对高昂的护理费用。
结论
鉴于家庭照顾者在照顾患有多种慢性病的老年人时可能面临多种挑战，医疗保健提供者应采用以照顾者为中心的方法，根据这些挑战设计和规划各种干预措施。
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