University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, School of Life Science and Environment, Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Blocos Laboratoriais bdg, 5000-901 Vila Real, Portugal; BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, Campo Grande, C8 bdg, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, School of Life Science and Environment, Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Blocos Laboratoriais bdg, 5000-901 Vila Real, Portugal; Laboratory of Cytogenomics and Animal Genomics (CAG), Department of Genetics and Biotechnology (DGB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.
Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 2022 May;1877(3):188726. doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188726. Epub 2022 Mar 31.
Nowadays, the development of new technological solutions in the medical field, in particular biosensors, is a priority and a ground for great scientific and financial investment. From glucose sensors to highly sensible and more precise molecular tools, this biotechnological field has gone through an exponential growth, but still the applications are very limited to the future potential foreseen in the medical area. In the last decade, the advances in the genomic field have permitted the identification of specific biomarkers related to certain diseases, becoming one of the main approaches used in clinical diagnosis. Biomarkers have different clinical values, in the sense that they may provide preventive, predictive, prognostic and therapeutic response related information, not being exclusively used for diagnostic purposes, but also be applied in health management and disease treatment. Therefore, biomarkers allied with biosensors have the potential to revolutionize the way healthcare is managed. The vast choice of bioreceptors such as nucleic acids, antibodies, antigens, enzymes and even whole cells, consents the diagnosis of diseases ranging from viral and bacterial infections to cancer and metabolism disorders. The major appeal of these sensing platforms is that it provides a fast, cost-effective, reliable, highly sensitive and easy way to obtain an earlier clinical diagnosis, which can significantly affect the survival rate or patient's prognosis. This review will explore some of the most recent devices available and its clinical applications.
如今，医学领域新技术解决方案（尤其是生物传感器）的发展是当务之急，也是大量科学和资金投入的基础。从葡萄糖传感器到高度敏感和更精确的分子工具，这个生物技术领域经历了指数级的增长，但在医学领域的未来潜力方面，其应用仍然非常有限。在过去的十年中，基因组领域的进步使得能够识别与某些疾病相关的特定生物标志物，成为临床诊断中主要应用的方法之一。生物标志物具有不同的临床价值，因为它们可以提供与预防、预测、预后和治疗反应相关的信息，不仅专门用于诊断目的，而且还可以应用于健康管理和疾病治疗。因此，与生物传感器结合的生物标志物有可能彻底改变医疗保健管理的方式。生物传感器有大量的生物感受器可供选择，例如核酸、抗体、抗原、酶，甚至是完整的细胞，可以用于诊断从病毒和细菌感染到癌症和代谢紊乱等各种疾病。这些传感平台的主要吸引力在于它们提供了一种快速、经济高效、可靠、高度敏感和简便的方法来进行早期临床诊断，这可以显著影响生存率或患者的预后。本文将探讨一些最新的可用设备及其临床应用。
