Bravo Javier, Wali Arvin R, Hirshman Brian R, Gopesh Tilvawala, Steinberg Jeffrey A, Yan Bernard, Pannell J Scott, Norbash Alexander, Friend James, Khalessi Alexander A, Santiago-Dieppa David
Neurological Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA.
Engineering and Healthcare Technology, University of California San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering, San Diego, USA.
Cureus. 2022 Mar 30;14(3):e23662. doi: 10.7759/cureus.23662. eCollection 2022 Mar.
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics in endovascular neurosurgery promises to transform neurovascular care. We present a review of the recently published neurosurgical literature on artificial intelligence and robotics in endovascular neurosurgery to provide insights into the current advances and applications of this technology. The PubMed database was searched for "neurosurgery" OR "endovascular" OR "interventional" AND "robotics" OR "artificial intelligence" between January 2016 and August 2021. A total of 1296 articles were identified, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 38 manuscripts were selected for review and analysis. These manuscripts were divided into four categories: 1) robotics and AI for the diagnosis of cerebrovascular pathology, 2) robotics and AI for the treatment of cerebrovascular pathology, 3) robotics and AI for training in neuroendovascular procedures, and 4) robotics and AI for clinical outcome optimization. The 38 articles presented include 23 articles on AI-based diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease, 10 articles on AI-based treatment of cerebrovascular disease, two articles on AI-based training techniques for neuroendovascular procedures, and three articles reporting AI prediction models of clinical outcomes in vascular disorders of the brain. Innovation with robotics and AI focus on diagnostic efficiency, optimizing treatment and interventional procedures, improving physician procedural performance, and predicting clinical outcomes with the use of artificial intelligence and robotics. Experimental studies with robotic systems have demonstrated safety and efficacy in treating cerebrovascular disorders, and novel microcatheterization techniques may permit access to deeper brain regions. Other studies show that pre-procedural simulations increase overall physician performance. Artificial intelligence also shows superiority over existing statistical tools in predicting clinical outcomes. The recent advances and current usage of robotics and AI in the endovascular neurosurgery field suggest that the collaboration between physicians and machines has a bright future for the improvement of patient care. The aim of this work is to equip the medical readership, in particular the neurosurgical specialty, with tools to better understand and apply findings from research on artificial intelligence and robotics in endovascular neurosurgery.
人工智能（AI）和机器人技术在血管内神经外科手术中的应用有望改变神经血管护理。我们对最近发表的关于血管内神经外科手术中人工智能和机器人技术的神经外科文献进行综述，以深入了解该技术的当前进展和应用。在2016年1月至2021年8月期间，在PubMed数据库中搜索了“神经外科”或“血管内”或“介入”以及“机器人技术”或“人工智能”。共识别出1296篇文章，在应用纳入和排除标准后，选择了38篇手稿进行综述和分析。这些手稿分为四类：1）用于诊断脑血管病变的机器人技术和人工智能；2）用于治疗脑血管病变的机器人技术和人工智能；3）用于神经血管内手术训练的机器人技术和人工智能；4）用于优化临床结果的机器人技术和人工智能。所呈现的38篇文章包括23篇关于基于人工智能诊断脑血管疾病的文章、10篇关于基于人工智能治疗脑血管疾病的文章、2篇关于基于人工智能的神经血管内手术训练技术的文章以及3篇报告人工智能对脑部血管疾病临床结果预测模型的文章。机器人技术和人工智能的创新集中在诊断效率、优化治疗和介入程序、提高医生手术操作水平以及利用人工智能和机器人技术预测临床结果。对机器人系统的实验研究已证明在治疗脑血管疾病方面的安全性和有效性，新型微导管插入技术可能使进入更深的脑区成为可能。其他研究表明，术前模拟可提高医生的整体表现。在预测临床结果方面，人工智能也显示出优于现有统计工具的优势。机器人技术和人工智能在血管内神经外科领域的最新进展和当前应用表明，医生与机器之间的合作在改善患者护理方面有着光明的前景。这项工作的目的是为医学读者，特别是神经外科专业人员，提供工具，以便更好地理解和应用血管内神经外科手术中人工智能和机器人技术研究的结果。
