The Vijay Lab, Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
Artif Organs. 2022 Aug;46(8):1463-1474. doi: 10.1111/aor.14241. Epub 2022 Apr 3.
Vision restoration has been one of the most sought-after goals of ophthalmology because of its inception. Despite these problems being tackled from numerous different perspectives, a concrete solution has not yet been achieved. An optimal solution will have significant implications on the patient's quality of life, socioeconomic status, and mental health.
This article will explore new and innovative approaches with one common aim-to restore functional vision for the visually impaired. These novel techniques include 3D bioprinting, stem cell therapy, gene therapy, implantable devices, and optogenetics.
While the techniques mentioned above show significant promise, they are currently in various stages of development ranging from clinical trials to commercial availability. Restoration of minimal vision in specific cases has already been achieved by the different methods but optimization of different parameters like biocompatibility, spatiotemporal resolution, and minimizing the costs are essential for widespread use.
The developments over the past decade have resulted in multiple milestones in each of the techniques with many solutions getting approved by the FDA. This article will compare these novel techniques and highlight the major advantages and drawbacks of each of them.
自诞生以来，视觉恢复一直是眼科领域最受关注的目标之一。尽管这些问题从多个不同的角度得到了探讨，但仍然没有找到一个具体的解决方案。一个最佳的解决方案将对患者的生活质量、社会经济地位和心理健康产生重大影响。
本文将探讨具有一个共同目标的新的和创新的方法——为视力障碍者恢复功能性视力。这些新的技术包括 3D 生物打印、干细胞疗法、基因疗法、植入式设备和光遗传学。
虽然上述技术显示出了巨大的潜力，但它们目前处于不同的开发阶段，从临床试验到商业应用都有。不同的方法已经在特定情况下实现了最小视力的恢复，但优化不同的参数，如生物相容性、时空分辨率以及降低成本，对于广泛应用至关重要。
过去十年的发展在每一种技术中都取得了多个里程碑式的成就，许多解决方案已经获得了 FDA 的批准。本文将对这些新技术进行比较，并强调它们各自的主要优点和缺点。
