Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
Sleep Breath. 2023 Mar;27(1):337-344. doi: 10.1007/s11325-022-02598-y. Epub 2022 Apr 4.
The prevalence of under-diagnosis among individuals with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is alarming, and may be associated with perceptions regarding OSA. To facilitate future studies on OSA, this study validated the revised version of the Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R) for OSA in a general population.
A random anonymous population-based telephone survey interviewed 580 adults aged ≥ 50 years in Hong Kong, who self-reported not having been told by doctors as having OSA, from February 5 to March 19, 2021.
The confirmatory factor analysis identified a modified 7-factor model (i.e., timeline chronic, consequence, personal control, treatment control, illness coherence, timeline cyclical, and emotional representation) that showed satisfactory model fit index and internal consistency. Nine items were removed from the original version because of low factor loadings. No floor and ceiling effects were observed. Convergent validity was supported by the positive associations between the consequence subscale with perceived negative outcomes of OSA and between the illness coherence subscale and perceived understanding of OSA symptoms. The participants tended to endorse the items of timeline chronic, treatment control, and illness coherence but not with those of emotional representations. The mean scores of the IPQ-R subscales differed by age and education level.
The modified IPQ-R of OSA showed acceptable psychometric properties. It is applicable to assessing illness perceptions of OSA in the Chinese general population aged ≥ 50 years not having received OSA diagnosis. The validated tool would support future studies and health practices related to OSA.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患者漏诊的发生率令人震惊，这可能与对 OSA 的认知有关。为了促进未来对 OSA 的研究，本研究在一般人群中验证了 OSA 修正版疾病感知问卷（IPQ-R）。
2021 年 2 月 5 日至 3 月 19 日，对香港 580 名年龄≥50 岁、自我报告未被医生告知患有 OSA 的成年人进行了一项随机匿名的基于人群的电话调查。
验证性因素分析确定了一个改良的 7 因素模型（即时间线慢性、后果、个人控制、治疗控制、疾病一致性、时间线循环和情绪表达），该模型显示出满意的模型拟合指数和内部一致性。由于因子负荷低，从原始版本中删除了 9 个项目。未观察到地板和天花板效应。后果分量表与 OSA 的负面后果感知以及疾病一致性分量表与 OSA 症状感知的一致性之间的正相关性，支持了收敛效度。参与者倾向于认可时间线慢性、治疗控制和疾病一致性的项目，但不认可情绪表达的项目。IPQ-R 分量表的平均得分因年龄和教育水平而异。
改良后的 OSA-IPQ-R 具有良好的心理测量学特性。它适用于评估未接受 OSA 诊断的≥50 岁中国一般人群对 OSA 的疾病认知。经过验证的工具将支持未来与 OSA 相关的研究和健康实践。
