Pleguezuelos-Beltrán Paula, Gálvez-Martín Patricia, Nieto-García Daniel, Marchal Juan Antonio, López-Ruiz Elena
Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Bioact Mater. 2022 Mar 8;16:187-203. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.02.023. eCollection 2022 Oct.
To date, skin wounds are still an issue for healthcare professionals. Although numerous approaches have been developed over the years for skin regeneration, recent advances in regenerative medicine offer very promising strategies for the fabrication of artificial skin substitutes, including 3D bioprinting, electrospinning or spraying, among others. In particular, skin sprays are an innovative technique still under clinical evaluation that show great potential for the delivery of cells and hydrogels to treat acute and chronic wounds. Skin sprays present significant advantages compared to conventional treatments for wound healing, such as the facility of application, the possibility to treat large wound areas, or the homogeneous distribution of the sprayed material. In this article, we review the latest advances in this technology, giving a detailed description of investigational and currently commercially available acellular and cellular skin spray products, used for a variety of diseases and applying different experimental materials. Moreover, as skin sprays products are subjected to different classifications, we also explain the regulatory pathways for their commercialization and include the main clinical trials for different skin diseases and their treatment conditions. Finally, we argue and suggest possible future trends for the biotechnology of skin sprays for a better use in clinical dermatology.
迄今为止，皮肤创伤仍是医疗保健专业人员面临的一个问题。尽管多年来已开发出多种皮肤再生方法，但再生医学的最新进展为制造人工皮肤替代品提供了非常有前景的策略，包括3D生物打印、静电纺丝或喷涂等。特别是，皮肤喷雾剂是一种仍在临床评估中的创新技术，在递送细胞和水凝胶以治疗急性和慢性伤口方面显示出巨大潜力。与传统伤口愈合治疗方法相比，皮肤喷雾剂具有显著优势，例如应用简便、能够治疗大面积伤口或使喷涂材料均匀分布。在本文中，我们回顾了该技术的最新进展，详细描述了用于多种疾病并应用不同实验材料的研究性和目前市面上可买到的无细胞和细胞皮肤喷雾剂产品。此外，由于皮肤喷雾剂产品有不同分类，我们还解释了它们商业化的监管途径，并列出了针对不同皮肤疾病及其治疗情况的主要临床试验。最后，我们进行论证并提出皮肤喷雾剂生物技术未来可能的发展趋势，以便在临床皮肤科中更好地应用。
