Vijitkul Pachara, Kongsema Mesayamas, Toommakorn Thularath, Bullangpoti Vasakorn
Animal Toxicology and Specialty Research Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Phahonyothin Road, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Toxicol Rep. 2022 Mar 29;9:588-596. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.03.031. eCollection 2022.
Fluoxetine (FLX) is an antidepressant that is increasingly being detected in aquatic environments. However, this contaminated FLX can affect aquatic organisms. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic, mutagenic, and cytotoxic potential of FLX on erythrocytes in Nile tilapia () after acute exposure. Fish were exposed to different concentrations of FLX (10, 100 and 1000 µg/L) for 96 h. Then, the condition factor (K value) was used to assess the general fish condition. The genotoxicity was investigated using a comet assay, and the mutagenicity was examined using micronucleus (MN) and erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENAs) assays. In addition, the cytotoxicity was analyzed by erythrocyte morphometry and erythrocyte maturity index (EMI). The results showed that FLX did not affect the fish's health. Nevertheless, 100 and 1000 µg/L FLX significantly increased DNA damage. Furthermore, a higher concentration of FLX presented a significantly increased frequency of MNs and ENAs, also leading to changes in some erythrocyte morphometric indices and significantly decreased mature erythrocytes. In conclusion, our results indicate that FLX induces genotoxic, mutagenic, and cytotoxic effects in erythrocytes of .
氟西汀（FLX）是一种在水生环境中越来越多地被检测到的抗抑郁药。然而，这种受污染的FLX会影响水生生物。因此，本研究的目的是评估急性暴露后氟西汀对尼罗罗非鱼（）红细胞的遗传毒性、致突变性和细胞毒性潜力。将鱼暴露于不同浓度的氟西汀（10、100和1000μg/L）中96小时。然后，使用条件因子（K值）评估鱼的总体状况。使用彗星试验研究遗传毒性，使用微核（MN）和红细胞核异常（ENA）试验检测致突变性。此外，通过红细胞形态测量和红细胞成熟指数（EMI）分析细胞毒性。结果表明，氟西汀不影响鱼的健康。然而，100和1000μg/L的氟西汀显著增加了DNA损伤。此外，较高浓度的氟西汀使MNs和ENAs的频率显著增加，还导致一些红细胞形态测量指标发生变化，并使成熟红细胞显著减少。总之，我们的结果表明，氟西汀会在尼罗罗非鱼的红细胞中诱导遗传毒性、致突变性和细胞毒性作用。
