Willson Erin, Kerr Gretchen, Battaglia Anthony, Stirling Ashley
Safe Sport Lab, Faculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Front Sports Act Living. 2022 Mar 30;4:840221. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2022.840221. eCollection 2022.
With increased media scrutiny, public awareness, and research on the prevalence of maltreatment experiences in sport, sport organizations have faced increased pressures to combat unsafe practices in sport. A consequence has been the emergence of the Safe Sport movement whereby organizations including the International Olympic Committee, Safe Sport International, US Center for SafeSport, Sport Canada, and others, have developed policies, initiatives, and education intended to create safer sport environments for all participants. Most of these policies have been implemented using a top-down approach, driven by government officials and sport leaders. However, if safe sport initiatives are to benefit athletes, consideration and incorporation of athletes' perspectives in the development and implementation of initiatives are imperative. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to examine athletes' perspectives on the challenges and recommendations to advancing safe sport. As part of a large-scale survey of current and retired Canadian National Team Athletes' experiences of maltreatment, open-ended questions were asked about athletes' recommendations and considerations for safe sport. Responses to these questions ( = 386) were analyzed using thematic analysis. According to the participants, barriers and challenges to safe sport included emphasizing performance excellence at-all-costs, normalization and complicity of harm, lack of attention to equity, diversity and inclusion, a culture of fear and silence, and a lack of trust in organizations to handle cases of harm. In an effort to advance safe sport, participants recommended prioritizing holistic athlete development, improving and strengthening accountability measures, implementing an independent 3rd party for disclosure, reporting and support, increased attention to equity, diversity and inclusion, stakeholder education, prohibition of sexual relations between athletes and those in positions of power and authority, and adoption of a broader perspective of harms and perpetrators. Findings are interpreted and critiqued in light of previous literature and recommendations for future research and practice are suggested.
随着媒体监督的加强、公众意识的提高以及对体育界虐待经历普遍性的研究，体育组织面临着更大的压力来打击体育中的不安全行为。结果是出现了安全体育运动，包括国际奥委会、国际安全体育组织、美国安全体育中心、加拿大体育局等在内的组织制定了政策、倡议和教育措施，旨在为所有参与者创造更安全的体育环境。这些政策大多采用自上而下的方式实施，由政府官员和体育领导人推动。然而，如果安全体育倡议要使运动员受益，在倡议的制定和实施过程中考虑并纳入运动员的观点至关重要。因此，本研究的目的是考察运动员对推进安全体育的挑战和建议的看法。作为对加拿大国家队现役和退役运动员虐待经历的大规模调查的一部分，我们提出了关于运动员对安全体育的建议和考虑的开放式问题。使用主题分析法对这些问题的回答（n = 386）进行了分析。根据参与者的说法，安全体育的障碍和挑战包括不惜一切代价强调卓越表现、伤害的常态化和同谋、对公平、多样性和包容性缺乏关注、恐惧和沉默的文化以及对组织处理伤害案件缺乏信任。为了推进安全体育，参与者建议优先考虑运动员的全面发展、改进和加强问责措施、设立独立第三方进行披露、报告和支持、更多关注公平、多样性和包容性、对利益相关者进行教育、禁止运动员与有权势和权威地位的人发生性关系，以及采用更广泛的伤害和肇事者视角。我们根据先前的文献对研究结果进行了解释和批判，并提出了未来研究和实践的建议。
