Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA.
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2023 Jul;24(3):1777-1796. doi: 10.1177/15248380221078893. Epub 2022 Apr 17.
Violence researchers have highlighted a need to understand connections between campus characteristics and violent victimization among students. Responding to those calls, we systematically reviewed research examining the characteristics of secondary and post-secondary educational settings associated with sexual violence and related victimization experiences, including dating/intimate partner violence, stalking, bullying, hate crimes, and crime more broadly. We screened 1124 quantitative and qualitative records, 43 of which met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Evidence emerged for institution demographics, institution type, institution climate, institution financial characteristics, and educational characteristics being related to various forms of victimization; institution setting (urban vs. rural) was associated with victimization. Additionally, evidence was observed for institution location and size/density. Some factors, including institution type and campus demographics, operated differently for different forms of victimization. We highlight limitations of existing data, including variability in the measurement of victimization outcomes, lack of power to detect differences at the campus level, and challenges of creating a database on victimization that contains campus identifiers. We also reinforce calls for more intersectional research, both in terms of the types of victimization experienced by students as well as in the disproportionate impact victimization may have on students with marginalized identities.
暴力研究人员强调需要了解校园特征与学生遭受暴力侵害之间的联系。为了响应这些呼吁，我们系统地回顾了研究，这些研究考察了与性暴力和相关受害经历有关的中学后教育环境的特征，包括约会/亲密伴侣暴力、跟踪、欺凌、仇恨犯罪以及更广泛的犯罪。我们筛选了 1124 份定量和定性记录，其中 43 份符合本系统评价的纳入标准。有证据表明，机构人口统计学特征、机构类型、机构氛围、机构财务特征和教育特征与各种形式的受害有关；机构设置（城市与农村）与受害有关。此外，还观察到机构位置和规模/密度的证据。一些因素，包括机构类型和校园人口统计学特征，对不同形式的受害的影响不同。我们强调了现有数据的局限性，包括受害结果衡量的可变性、在校园层面检测差异的能力不足，以及创建包含校园标识符的受害数据库的挑战。我们还再次呼吁开展更多的交叉研究，不仅要研究学生经历的受害类型，还要研究受害可能对身份边缘化的学生产生的不成比例的影响。
