Independent Consultant, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Public Health Sciences, 12235University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
J Aging Health. 2022 Oct;34(6-8):905-915. doi: 10.1177/08982643221076690. Epub 2022 Apr 19.
To determine whether cognition is associated with mortality among older US adults. We studied 5,989 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants age 60+ in years 1999-2014 with mortality follow-up through 2015. Cognitive function was measured in one standard deviation decrements using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Animal Fluency (AnFl), and two Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) tests. Each decrement in cognitive function was associated with increased risk of mortality overall (DSST HR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.25, 1.48), among women only (AnFl: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.24), and among those with less than a high school education only (AnFl HR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.97; CERAD-WL HR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.67; and CERAD-DR HR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.82). Among US adults, lower cognitive functioning was associated with mortality; associations were stronger among women and those with less education.
为了确定认知能力是否与美国老年成年人的死亡率相关。我们研究了 1999 年至 2014 年间参加过国家健康和营养调查的 5989 名年龄在 60 岁以上的参与者，这些参与者在 2015 年之前都有死亡随访。认知功能使用数字符号替代测试（DSST）、动物流畅性（AnFl）和两个阿尔茨海默病注册研究联盟（CERAD）测试进行了一个标准差的递减测量。认知功能的每一次递减都与总体死亡率的增加相关（DSST HR：1.36，95% CI：1.25，1.48），仅在女性中（AnFl：1.51，95% CI：1.02，2.24），仅在受教育程度低于高中的人群中（AnFl HR：1.46，95% CI：1.09，1.97；CERAD-WL HR：1.34，95% CI：1.07，1.67；和 CERAD-DR HR：1.38，95% CI：1.05，1.82）。在美国成年人中，较低的认知功能与死亡率相关；这些关联在女性和受教育程度较低的人群中更强。
