Legorburu Begoña Gómez, Adanero Velasco Alberto, Velasco José Ramón Mérida, Pozo Paloma Planells Del
Independent Researcher, 28039 Madrid, Spain.
Clinical Dentistry Department, Biomedical and Sciences Faculty, European University of Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2022 Mar 28;9(4):143. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering9040143.
As education and knowledge are adapted to new education systems, as per the Bologna Plan, new technologies are required for educational support. In dentistry, the creation of virtual simulators can advance understanding in areas like anatomy. With this aim, a three-dimensional virtual model of the maxilo-mandibular system was created, based on a real infantile specimen. Once this model was developed, we applied this virtual structure to a teaching tool in a dentistry subject.The main objective of this project is the creation of a virtual model of the jaw, based on a real and infantile subject that serves as an educative tool in the scope of Paediatric Dentistry Anatomy. The secondary aims were to evaluate this model as an educational tool in a paediatric dentistry subject. For the main objective we obtained tomographic cuts of the craniofacial skeleton of a three-year-old girl that were transcribed to the program Amira 5.3.0. On the cuts, we segmented and named all the mandibular structures: jaw, temporary teeth, and permanent teeth. For the secondary aims we developed virtual clinical cases based on this mandibular model and gave a questionnaire to 29 dentistry students in order to evaluate the tool. A total of 512 cuts were obtained in sagittal and coronal planes and 309 in the cross-sectional plane of a thickness of 0.625 mm. In different colours, we segmented the total 25 structures to generate a three-dimensional mandibular model. For the questionnaire, the results of the students' satisfaction of the tool were high, with an overall score of 8.5 out of 10. The educative system based on the Bologna Plan is a reality. The self-training based on test and error, is a strategy of extreme utility for the student. With an interactive model, the student is able to value his knowledge instantaneously, and the presence of a professor is not essential at all times. Through this real model, we have described the anatomical study of temporary teething, as well as its interactions with the developing permanent dentition, in a three-dimensional form. The students' satisfaction of the teaching tool was high.
根据博洛尼亚计划，随着教育和知识适应新的教育体系，教育支持需要新技术。在牙科领域，虚拟模拟器的创建可以促进对解剖学等领域的理解。为此，基于一个真实的婴儿标本创建了一个上下颌系统的三维虚拟模型。一旦这个模型开发完成，我们将这个虚拟结构应用于一门牙科课程的教学工具中。
该项目的主要目标是基于一个真实的婴儿标本创建一个颌骨虚拟模型，作为儿童牙科解剖学范围内的一种教育工具。次要目标是在儿童牙科课程中评估这个模型作为一种教育工具的效果。为了实现主要目标，我们获取了一名三岁女孩颅面骨骼的断层扫描切片，并将其转录到Amira 5.3.0程序中。在这些切片上，我们对所有下颌结构进行了分割和命名：颌骨、乳牙和恒牙。为了实现次要目标，我们基于这个下颌模型开发了虚拟临床病例，并向29名牙科学生发放了一份问卷，以评估该工具。在矢状面和冠状面共获得了512张厚度为0.625毫米的切片，在横断面获得了309张。我们用不同颜色分割了总共25个结构，以生成一个三维下颌模型。对于问卷，学生对该工具的满意度很高，总分达到了10分中的8.5分。基于博洛尼亚计划的教育体系已成为现实。基于试错的自我训练对学生来说是一种非常有用的策略。通过一个交互式模型，学生能够即时评估自己的知识，而且并非在所有时候都必须有教授在场。通过这个真实模型，我们以三维形式描述了乳牙萌出的解剖学研究及其与恒牙发育的相互作用。学生对该教学工具的满意度很高。
