Firoz Ahmad, Ali Hani Mohammed, Rehman Suriya, Rather Irfan A
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Princess Dr Najla Bint Saud Al-Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Apr 13;10(4):600. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10040600.
Gastric cancer (GC) is a significant health concern worldwide, with a GLOBOCAN estimate of 1.08 million novel cases in 2020. It is the leading cause of disability-adjusted life years lost to cancer, with the fourth most common cancer in males and the fifth most common cancer in females. Strategies are pursued across the globe to prevent gastric cancer progression as a significant fraction of gastric cancers have been linked to various pathogenic (bacterial and viral) infections. Early diagnosis (in Asian countries), and non-invasive and surgical treatments have helped manage this disease with 5-year survival for stage IA and IB tumors ranging between 60% and 80%. However, the most prevalent aggressive stage III gastric tumors undergoing surgery have a lower 5-year survival rate between 18% and 50%. These figures point to a need for more efficient diagnostic and treatment strategies, for which the oncolytic viruses (OVs) appear to have some promise. OVs form a new therapeutic agent class that induces anti-tumor immune responses by selectively killing tumor cells and inducing systemic anti-tumor immunity. On the contrary, several oncogenic viruses have been shown to play significant roles in malignancy progression in the case of gastric cancer. Therefore, this review evaluates the current state of research and advances in understanding the dual role of viruses in gastric cancer.
胃癌（GC）是全球重大的健康问题，据全球癌症负担（GLOBOCAN）估计，2020年新增病例达108万例。它是癌症导致伤残调整生命年损失的主要原因，在男性中是第四大常见癌症，在女性中是第五大常见癌症。由于很大一部分胃癌与各种致病性（细菌和病毒）感染有关，全球都在寻求预防胃癌进展的策略。早期诊断（在亚洲国家）以及非侵入性和手术治疗有助于控制这种疾病，IA期和IB期肿瘤的5年生存率在60%至80%之间。然而，接受手术的最常见的侵袭性III期胃癌肿瘤的5年生存率较低，在18%至50%之间。这些数据表明需要更有效的诊断和治疗策略，溶瘤病毒（OVs）似乎有一定前景。溶瘤病毒形成了一类新的治疗剂，通过选择性杀死肿瘤细胞和诱导全身抗肿瘤免疫来诱导抗肿瘤免疫反应。相反，在胃癌病例中，几种致癌病毒已被证明在恶性肿瘤进展中起重要作用。因此，本综述评估了目前关于病毒在胃癌中双重作用的研究现状和进展。
