Chover-Sierra Elena, Pérez-Ros Pilar, Julián-Rochina Iván, Long Carol O, Cauli Omar
Nursing Department, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Nursing Care and Education Research Group (GRIECE), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel). 2022 Mar 31;10(4):656. doi: 10.3390/healthcare10040656.
Background: Palliative care is essential in the care of people with advanced dementia, due to the increasing number of patients requiring care in the final stages of life. Nurses need to acquire specific knowledge and skills to provide quality palliative care. The Questionnaire on Palliative Care for Advanced Dementia (qPAD) is useful for assessing knowledge and attitudes toward palliative care, but its adaptation to the Spanish language and analysis of its effectiveness and usefulness for the Spanish culture is lacking. Objective: To report on the Spanish language adaptation and psychometric analysis of the qPAD. Methods: The Questionnaire on Palliative Care for Advanced Dementia Spanish version (qPAD-SV) was obtained from a process that included translation, back-translation, comparison with other language versions, expert review, and pilot study. Content validity, criterion validity, and reliability of the questionnaire were analyzed. The difficulty and discrimination indices of items composing the knowledge subscale were also calculated. Results: Adequate content validity index obtained after the analysis of qPAD-SV by a heterogeneous group of experts was found (overall CVI = 0.96; 0.95 for the Knowledge subscale and 0.99 for the Attitudes subscale). Significant correlations with the Palliative Care Knowledge test (rho = 0.368, p < 0.001) and Self-Efficacy in Palliative Care Scale (rho = 0.621, p < 0.001) show an adequate criterion validity. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the Knowledge subscale (0.60) and the Attitudes subscale (0.91) supported the reliability of the qPAD-SV. The questionnaire had an overall difficulty index of 0.71, with three items that could be considered difficult or very difficult, and eleven items that could be considered very easy. Discussion: Although it shows internal consistency, validity, and difficulty indices similar to those obtained by qPAD versions in other languages, a reformulation of the items with lower content validity or discrimination indices and those that show difficulties in their comprehension is an aspect to be taken into account to improve this tool. Conclusions: The qPAD-SV is a useful instrument in Spanish to measure the knowledge of Spanish nurses in palliative care and is suitable for international comparisons.
由于在生命终末期需要护理的患者数量不断增加，姑息治疗在晚期痴呆症患者的护理中至关重要。护士需要掌握特定的知识和技能，以提供高质量的姑息治疗。晚期痴呆症姑息治疗问卷（qPAD）有助于评估对姑息治疗的知识和态度，但缺乏其西班牙语版本以及对其在西班牙文化中的有效性和实用性的分析。目的：报告qPAD的西班牙语改编及心理测量分析。方法：晚期痴呆症姑息治疗问卷西班牙语版（qPAD-SV）通过包括翻译、回译、与其他语言版本比较、专家评审和预试验的过程获得。分析问卷的内容效度、效标效度和信度。还计算了构成知识子量表的项目的难度和区分度指数。结果：由不同专家小组对qPAD-SV进行分析后，获得了足够的内容效度指数（总体CVI = 0.96；知识子量表为0.95，态度子量表为0.99）。与姑息治疗知识测试（rho = 0.368，p < 0.001）和姑息治疗自我效能量表（rho = 0.621，p < 0.001）的显著相关性表明效标效度良好。知识子量表（0.60）和态度子量表（0.91）的克朗巴赫α系数支持了qPAD-SV的信度。问卷的总体难度指数为0.71，有三个项目可被视为困难或非常困难，有十一个项目可被视为非常容易。讨论：尽管它显示出与其他语言版本的qPAD相似的内部一致性、效度和难度指数，但对内容效度或区分度指数较低以及理解有困难的项目进行重新制定是改进此工具时需要考虑的一个方面。结论：qPAD-SV是一种有用的西班牙语工具，可用于衡量西班牙护士在姑息治疗方面的知识，适用于国际比较。
