冻存的 PM21 颗粒扩增自然杀伤细胞保持细胞毒性和效应功能。

Cryopreserved PM21-Particle-Expanded Natural Killer Cells Maintain Cytotoxicity and Effector Functions and .

机构信息

Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.

出版信息

Front Immunol. 2022 Apr 7;13:861681. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.861681. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

There is a great interest in developing natural killer (NK) cells as adoptive cancer immunotherapy. For off-the-shelf approaches and to conduct multicenter clinical trials, cryopreserved NK cells are the preferred product. However, recent studies reported that cryopreservation of NK cells results in loss of cell motility and, as a consequence, cytotoxicity which limits the clinical utility of such products. This study assessed the impact of cryopreservation on the recovery and function of PM21-particle expanded NK cells (PM21-NK cells) as well as their antitumor activity using 2D and 3D cancer models and in ovarian cancer models, including patient-derived xenografts (PDX). Viable PM21-NK cells were consistently recovered from cryopreservation and overnight rest with a mean recovery of 73 ± 22% (N = 19). Thawed and rested NK cells maintained the expression of activating receptors when compared to expansion-matched fresh NK cells. Cryopreserved NK cells that were thawed and rested showed no decrease in cytotoxicity when co-incubated with tumor cells at varying effector-to-target (NK:T) ratios compared to expansion-matched fresh NK cells. Moreover, no differences in cytotoxicity were observed between expansion-matched cryopreserved and fresh NK cells in 3D models of tumor killing. These were analyzed by kinetic, live-cell imaging assays co-incubating NK cells with tumor spheroids. When exposed to tumor cells, or upon cytokine stimulation, cryopreserved NK cells that were thawed and rested showed no significant differences in surface expression of degranulation marker CD107a or intracellular expression of TNFα and IFNγ. antitumor activity was also assessed by measuring the extension of survival of SKOV-3-bearing NSG mice treated with fresh cryopreserved NK cells. Cryopreserved NK cells caused a statistically significant survival extension of SKOV-3-bearing NSG mice that was comparable to that observed with fresh NK cells. Additionally, treatment of NSG mice bearing PDX tumor with cryopreserved PM21-NK cells resulted in nearly doubling of survival compared to untreated mice. These data suggest that PM21-NK cells can be cryopreserved and recovered efficiently without appreciable loss of viability or activity while retaining effector function both and . These findings support the use of cryopreserved PM21-NK cells as a cancer immunotherapy treatment.

摘要

人们对开发自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞作为过继性癌症免疫疗法非常感兴趣。对于现成的方法和进行多中心临床试验,冷冻保存的 NK 细胞是首选产品。然而,最近的研究报告称,NK 细胞的冷冻保存导致细胞迁移能力丧失,从而限制了此类产品的临床应用。这项研究评估了冷冻保存对 PM21 颗粒扩增的 NK 细胞 (PM21-NK 细胞) 的恢复和功能的影响,使用二维和三维癌症模型以及卵巢癌模型,包括患者来源的异种移植 (PDX)。从冷冻保存和过夜休息中始终可以回收有活力的 PM21-NK 细胞,平均回收率为 73%±22%(N=19)。与扩增匹配的新鲜 NK 细胞相比,解冻和休息后的 NK 细胞保持了激活受体的表达。与扩增匹配的新鲜 NK 细胞相比,与肿瘤细胞共孵育时,解冻和休息后的冷冻保存 NK 细胞的细胞毒性没有降低,且在不同的效应细胞与靶细胞 (NK:T) 比值下均如此。此外,在三维肿瘤杀伤模型中,扩增匹配的冷冻保存和新鲜 NK 细胞之间的细胞毒性没有差异。通过共孵育 NK 细胞与肿瘤球体的动力学、活细胞成像分析来分析这些差异。当暴露于肿瘤细胞或细胞因子刺激时,解冻和休息后的冷冻保存 NK 细胞在脱颗粒标记物 CD107a 的表面表达或 TNFα 和 IFNγ 的细胞内表达方面没有显著差异。通过测量接受新鲜或冷冻保存的 NK 细胞治疗的 SKOV-3 荷瘤 NSG 小鼠的生存时间来评估抗肿瘤活性。冷冻保存的 NK 细胞可显著延长 SKOV-3 荷瘤 NSG 小鼠的生存时间,与新鲜 NK 细胞观察到的结果相当。此外,用冷冻保存的 PM21-NK 细胞治疗携带 PDX 肿瘤的 NSG 小鼠可使存活时间几乎翻倍,与未治疗的小鼠相比。这些数据表明,PM21-NK 细胞可以有效地冷冻保存和回收,而不会明显降低活力或活性,同时在二维和三维环境中保留效应功能。这些发现支持使用冷冻保存的 PM21-NK 细胞作为癌症免疫疗法的治疗方法。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/560a/9022621/18d41d825160/fimmu-13-861681-g001.jpg

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