Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.
Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2022;1359:179-199. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-89439-9_8.
Measurements of electric potentials from neural activity have played a key role in neuroscience for almost a century, and simulations of neural activity is an important tool for understanding such measurements. Volume conductor (VC) theory is used to compute extracellular electric potentials stemming from neural activity, such as extracellular spikes, multi-unit activity (MUA), local field potentials (LFP), electrocorticography (ECoG), and electroencephalography (EEG). Further, VC theory is also used inversely to reconstruct neuronal current source distributions from recorded potentials through current source density methods. In this book chapter, we show how VC theory can be derived from a detailed electrodiffusive theory for ion concentration dynamics in the extracellular medium, and we show what assumptions must be introduced to get the VC theory on the simplified form that is commonly used by neuroscientists. Furthermore, we provide examples of how the theory is applied to compute spikes, LFP signals, and EEG signals generated by neurons and neuronal populations.
电势能的测量在神经科学中已经有近一个世纪的历史，而神经活动的模拟则是理解这些测量的重要工具。容积导体（VC）理论用于计算源自神经活动的细胞外电势能，如细胞外尖峰、多单位活动（MUA）、局部场电位（LFP）、皮层电图（ECoG）和脑电图（EEG）。此外，VC 理论还通过电流源密度方法，从记录的电势中反演重建神经元电流源分布。在本章中，我们展示了如何从细胞外介质中离子浓度动力学的详细电扩散理论中推导出 VC 理论，以及为了得到神经科学家常用的简化形式的 VC 理论，必须引入哪些假设。此外，我们还提供了一些例子，说明如何应用该理论来计算由神经元和神经元群体产生的尖峰、LFP 信号和 EEG 信号。
