Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022 Jul;138:104678. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104678. Epub 2022 Apr 26.
Despite the huge and constant progress in the molecular and cellular neuroscience fields, our capability to understand brain alterations and treat mental illness is still limited. Therefore, a paradigm shift able to overcome such limitation is warranted. Behavior and the associated mental states are the interface between the central nervous system and the living environment. Since, in any system, the interface is a key regulator of system organization, behavior is proposed here as a unique and privileged level of control and orchestration of brain structure and activity. This view has relevant scientific and clinical implications. First, the study of behavior represents a singular starting point for the investigation of neural activity in an integrated and comprehensive fashion. Second, behavioral changes, accomplished through psychotherapy or environmental interventions, are expected to have the highest impact to specifically reorganize the complexity of the human mind and thus achieve a solid and long-lasting improvement in mental health.
尽管在分子和细胞神经科学领域取得了巨大而持续的进展，但我们理解大脑变化和治疗精神疾病的能力仍然有限。因此，需要进行范式转变以克服这种局限性。行为和相关的心理状态是中枢神经系统与生活环境之间的接口。由于在任何系统中，接口都是系统组织的关键调节器，因此行为被提议作为大脑结构和活动的独特和特权控制和协调水平。这种观点具有重要的科学和临床意义。首先，行为研究代表了以综合和全面的方式研究神经活动的独特起点。其次，通过心理治疗或环境干预实现的行为改变，预计将产生最大的影响，以专门重新组织人类思维的复杂性，从而实现心理健康的坚实和持久改善。
