Wu Pan, Liu Yuhang, Zhou Ruijia, Liu Lingyun, Zeng Hongli, Xiong Fang, Zhang Shanshan, Gong Zhaojian, Zhang Wenling, Guo Can, Wang Fuyan, Zhou Ming, Zu Xuyu, Zeng Zhaoyang, Li Yong, Li Guiyuan, Huang He, Xiong Wei
NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Front Oncol. 2022 Apr 14;12:814504. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.814504. eCollection 2022.
Genomic instability and amplification are intrinsically important traits determining the development and heterogeneity of tumors. The role of extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) in tumors has recently been highlighted. EccDNAs are unique genetic materials located off the chromosomal DNA. They have been detected in a variety of tumors. This review analyzes the mechanisms involved in the formation of eccDNAs and their genetic characteristics. In addition, the high-copy number and transcriptional levels of oncogenes located in eccDNA molecules contribute to the acceleration of tumor evolution and drug resistance and drive the development of genetic heterogeneity. Understanding the specific genomic forms of eccDNAs and characterizing their potential functions will provide new strategies for tumor therapy. Further research may yield new targets and molecular markers for the early diagnosis and treatment of human cancer.
基因组不稳定性和扩增是决定肿瘤发生发展及异质性的内在重要特征。染色体外环状DNA（eccDNA）在肿瘤中的作用近来受到关注。EccDNA是位于染色体DNA之外的独特遗传物质，已在多种肿瘤中被检测到。本文综述分析了eccDNA形成的相关机制及其遗传特征。此外，位于eccDNA分子上的癌基因的高拷贝数和转录水平有助于加速肿瘤进展和耐药性，并推动遗传异质性的发展。了解eccDNA的特定基因组形式并表征其潜在功能将为肿瘤治疗提供新策略。进一步的研究可能会产生用于人类癌症早期诊断和治疗的新靶点及分子标志物。
