Drinkwater Kenneth Graham, Dagnall Neil, Walsh Stephen, Sproson Lisa, Peverell Matthew, Denovan Andrew
Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Adelphi Values Ltd., Bollington, United Kingdom.
Front Psychol. 2022 Apr 12;13:845283. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.845283. eCollection 2022.
This study investigated personal perceptions (involvements) and comprehensions (interpretations) of self-ascribed paranormal abilities. Twelve participants with supposed supernatural powers took part in semi-structured interviews exploring the origin, phenomenology, and nature of their powers. Interview transcripts were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis (RTA), a qualitative method that identifies patterns within data. Four major themes expressed meanings and representations held by participants: Formative Influences (sub-themes: Gifted Family Members and Anomalous Occurrence), (Inter) Subjective Paranormal Experience (sub-themes: Transcendental/Mystic and Extra-Sensory Perception), Embodied Processes (sub-theme: Control), and Perception of Reality (two sub-themes: Self-Awareness and Fantastic/Surreal Perceptions). Consideration of themes identified an inextricable link between perception, interpretation, and belief in ability. Within narratives, interviewees outlined, contextualised, and established the validity of their powers. They drew upon supporting autobiographical evidence from their life histories and obfuscated and/or discounted conventional explanations. Generally, accounts reflected individual attempts to comprehend and justify the nature and experience of professed abilities. The authors discuss these processes and suggest ways to extend and develop ensuing research.
本研究调查了个人对自我认定的超自然能力的认知(参与情况)和理解(解读)。十二名自称拥有超自然能力的参与者参加了半结构化访谈,探讨其能力的起源、现象学和本质。访谈记录采用反思性主题分析(RTA)进行分析,这是一种定性方法,用于识别数据中的模式。四个主要主题表达了参与者所持有的意义和表征:形成性影响(子主题:有天赋的家庭成员和异常事件)、(主体间的)超自然体验(子主题:超验/神秘和超感官知觉)、身体过程(子主题:控制)以及对现实的认知(两个子主题:自我意识和奇幻/超现实认知)。对这些主题的考量揭示了认知、解读与对能力的信念之间存在着不可分割的联系。在叙述中,受访者勾勒出、阐释了并确立了其能力的有效性。他们借鉴了来自其生活经历的支持性自传证据,并对传统解释进行了模糊处理和/或不予考虑。总体而言, 这些叙述反映了个人试图理解并证明所宣称能力的本质和体验的努力。作者们讨论了这些过程,并提出了拓展和开展后续研究的方法。