Noordin Liza, Wan Ahmad Wan Amir Nizam, Muhamad Nor Nor Asiah, Abu Bakar Nor Hidayah, Ugusman Azizah
Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Penang 16150, Malaysia.
Biomedicine Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Penang 16150, Malaysia.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Apr 23;2022:2814196. doi: 10.1155/2022/2814196. eCollection 2022.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a known systemic disease with increasing global prevalence and multi-organ complications including diabetic nephropathy (DN). The trend of using medicinal plants in the management of DM is increasing exponentially. is a medicinal plant that contains chemicals and antioxidants that delay the oxidation process. However, available data focusing on its use on DN are inconsistent and scarce. This study aims to investigate the antidiabetic and nephroprotective effects of flower aqueous extract (EEAE) in a type 2 DM rat (T2DR) model. The T2DR model was developed using a combination of a high-fat diet (HFD) and a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) at 35 mg/kg. Thirty-two Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly divided into four groups ( = 8): (1) control (normal rat), (2) T2DR (untreated-type 2 diabetic rat), (3) Met (250 mg/kg metformin-treated T2DR), and (4) EEAE (1000 mg/kg EEAE-treated T2DR). All treatments were administered orally for 6 weeks. EEAE significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG), microalbuminuria, serum creatinine, and serum blood urea nitrogen. EEAE also reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and enhanced the levels of antioxidant markers-superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). The inflammatory marker (interleukin (IL)-6) and fibrosis markers (transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-), and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF)) were significantly decreased in the EEAE-treated group. The T2DR group developed DN, which was characterized by segmental sclerosis of the glomeruli associated with focal tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis. Interestingly, the histology of kidney tissue in the EEAE group was preserved. This effect was similar to that of the control drug metformin. In summary, the antidiabetic and nephroprotective effects might be related to the antioxidant properties and anti-inflammatory effects of the EEAE. The antidiabetic activity could be due to the presence of the active compound cyanidin-3-O-glycosides, which is an anthocyanin antioxidant, that is present in the EEAE. has the potential to be developed as a natural source of antioxidants that can be used for the prevention or even the treatment of DM. These findings could lead to future research into the therapeutic use of in alleviating the progression of DM and thus preventing nephropathy.
糖尿病（DM）是一种已知的全身性疾病，在全球的患病率不断上升，会引发包括糖尿病肾病（DN）在内的多器官并发症。使用药用植物来管理糖尿病的趋势正在呈指数级增长。[植物名称]是一种药用植物，其含有的化学物质和抗氧化剂能延缓氧化过程。然而，目前关于其在糖尿病肾病方面应用的数据并不一致且稀少。本研究旨在探讨[植物名称]花水提取物（EEAE）在2型糖尿病大鼠（T2DR）模型中的抗糖尿病和肾保护作用。T2DR模型通过高脂饮食（HFD）和35mg/kg低剂量链脲佐菌素（STZ）联合诱导建立。32只雄性Sprague Dawley大鼠被随机分为四组（每组n = 8）：（1）对照组（正常大鼠），（2）T2DR组（未治疗的2型糖尿病大鼠），（3）Met组（250mg/kg二甲双胍治疗的T2DR），以及（4）EEAE组（1000mg/kg EEAE治疗的T2DR）。所有治疗均口服给药6周。EEAE显著降低了空腹血糖（FBG）、微量白蛋白尿、血清肌酐和血清尿素氮。EEAE还降低了丙二醛（MDA）水平，并提高了抗氧化标志物超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）的水平。EEAE治疗组的炎症标志物（白细胞介素（IL）-6）和纤维化标志物（转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）和结缔组织生长因子（CTGF））显著降低。T2DR组出现了糖尿病肾病，其特征为肾小球节段性硬化，伴有局灶性肾小管萎缩和间质纤维化。有趣的是，EEAE组肾组织的组织学结构得以保留。这种效果与对照药物二甲双胍相似。总之，抗糖尿病和肾保护作用可能与EEAE的抗氧化特性和抗炎作用有关。抗糖尿病活性可能归因于EEAE中存在的活性化合物矢车菊素-3-O-糖苷，它是一种花青素抗氧化剂。[植物名称]有潜力被开发成为一种天然抗氧化剂来源，可用于预防甚至治疗糖尿病。这些发现可能会引发未来关于[植物名称]在缓解糖尿病进展从而预防肾病方面治疗用途的研究。
