Chang Yun-Hsuan, Yu Chu-Ling, Huang Chih-Chun, Wang Tzu-Yun, Dziobek Isabel, Lane Hsien-Yuan
Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Brain Behav. 2024 Jan;14(1):e3365. doi: 10.1002/brb3.3365.
The research landscape examining social cognition (SC) impairment in patients with major depressive disorders (MDD) and bipolar disorders (BD) is notably scarce. Presently, assessments predominantly rely on static stimuli and self-reported measures, which may not capture the dynamic dimensions of social cognition.
This study aimed to validate the Chinese version of Movie Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC-CH) and to investigate whether MDD and BD exhibit distinct patterns of SC impairments, shedding light on potential differences between these two mood disorders.
The study encompassed 197 participants, aged 18-65, distributed as follows: 21 BD, 20 MDD, and 156 healthy controls (HC). We focused on examining "cognitive" and "emotional" SC scores and "undermentalizing" and "overmentalizing" error patterns, with nonsocial inference as a control. Additional assessments included the Reading Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) and the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT). We also explored the association between depression severity (measured by the Hamilton Depressive Rating Scale, HDRS) and distinct SC dimensions between MDD and BD.
The MASC-CH exhibited strong validity and reliability for SC assessment. In group comparisons, BD participants scored significantly lower on MASC-CH, while the MDD group scores were not significantly different from HC. Specifically, BD individuals had notably lower cognitive SC scores and made more undermentalizing and absence of mentalizing errors than MDD and HC. Additionally, a negative correlation between HDRS score and overmentalizing was observed in BD, not in the MDD.
The findings indicate that depression severity scores in BD were inversely related to MASC-CH scores. In contrast, this relationship was not observed in the MDD group. These results underscore the importance of SC impairments as distinguishing characteristics of both BD and MDD. It provides valuable insights into the distinct social-cognitive profiles of both mood disorders.
研究重度抑郁症（MDD）和双相情感障碍（BD）患者社会认知（SC）损害的研究领域明显匮乏。目前，评估主要依赖静态刺激和自我报告的测量方法，这可能无法捕捉社会认知的动态维度。
本研究旨在验证中文版的社会认知电影评估量表（MASC-CH），并调查MDD和BD是否表现出不同的SC损害模式，以揭示这两种情绪障碍之间的潜在差异。
该研究纳入了197名年龄在18 - 65岁之间的参与者，分布如下：21名BD患者、20名MDD患者和156名健康对照者（HC）。我们专注于检查“认知”和“情感”SC分数以及“心理化不足”和“心理化过度”错误模式，并将非社会推理作为对照。其他评估包括眼神读心测试（RMET）和梅耶 - 萨洛维 - 卡鲁索情商测试（MSCEIT）。我们还探讨了抑郁严重程度（通过汉密尔顿抑郁量表，HDRS测量）与MDD和BD之间不同SC维度的关联。
MASC-CH在SC评估中表现出很强的有效性和可靠性。在组间比较中，BD参与者在MASC-CH上的得分显著较低，而MDD组的得分与HC组无显著差异。具体而言，BD个体的认知SC得分明显低于MDD和HC，并且心理化不足和心理化缺失错误比MDD和HC更多。此外，在BD中观察到HDRS得分与心理化过度之间存在负相关，而在MDD中未观察到。
研究结果表明，BD中的抑郁严重程度得分与MASC-CH得分呈负相关。相比之下，在MDD组中未观察到这种关系。这些结果强调了SC损害作为BD和MDD的区别特征的重要性。它为这两种情绪障碍独特的社会认知特征提供了有价值的见解。
