School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
Department of Mathematics, Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania, USA.
J Am Nutr Assoc. 2023 Feb;42(2):148-158. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2021.2014369. Epub 2022 Feb 23.
Recommended dietary patterns improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as blood pressure and LDL-C, as well as emerging markers that confer residual risk. Strawberry consumption has been shown to improve CVD risk factors, but further research is needed to better understand these effects using a dose-response model that evaluates a standard serving and a higher (but still achievable) dose.
A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded crossover trial was conducted in middle-aged adults with overweight or obesity ( = 40; mean BMI = 29.4 ± 0.2 kg/m; mean age = 50 ± 1.0 years) and moderately elevated LDL-C (mean LDL-C: 140 ± 3 mg/dL) to investigate the effect of two doses of strawberry supplementation on LDL-C and other CVD risk factors. Study interventions were: 0 g/d (control), 13 g/d (low-dose), and 40 g/d (high-dose) of freeze-dried strawberry powder (4-week supplementation periods separated by a 2-week compliance break).
There was a significant main effect of treatment for the primary outcome of LDL-C, with a 4.9% reduction following the low-dose strawberry supplement compared to the high-dose (P = 0.01), but not compared to the control. There was also a significant effect on total cholesterol (TC), with a 2.8% and 2.4% reduction following the low-dose compared to the control and high-dose, respectively ( ≤ 0.05 in analyses). There was a near significant effect for direct LDL-C ( = 0.07). There were no significant treatment effects for other atherogenic lipoprotein characteristics, indices of vascular function, measures of inflammation, or HDL efflux.
Low-dose supplementation with freeze-dried strawberry powder, equivalent to ∼1 serving/day of fresh strawberries, improved cholesterol in adults with overweight or obesity, compared to both the high-dose (∼3 servings/day of fresh strawberries) and control, but did not alter other markers of CVD.
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推荐的饮食模式可以改善心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素，如血压和 LDL-C，以及提供剩余风险的新兴标志物。草莓的消费已被证明可以改善 CVD 风险因素，但需要进一步研究，以使用评估标准剂量和更高（但仍可实现）剂量的剂量反应模型更好地理解这些影响。
一项随机、安慰剂对照、双盲交叉试验在超重或肥胖的中年成年人（ = 40；平均 BMI = 29.4±0.2 kg/m；平均年龄 = 50±1.0 岁）和中度升高的 LDL-C（平均 LDL-C：140±3 mg/dL）中进行，以研究两种剂量的草莓补充剂对 LDL-C 和其他 CVD 风险因素的影响。研究干预措施为：0 g/d（对照）、13 g/d（低剂量）和 40 g/d（高剂量）的冻干草莓粉（4 周的补充期，由 2 周的依从性休息期隔开）。
LDL-C 的主要结果有显著的治疗主效应，与高剂量相比，低剂量草莓补充剂后降低了 4.9%（P = 0.01），但与对照相比没有降低。总胆固醇（TC）也有显著影响，与对照和高剂量相比，低剂量分别降低了 2.8%和 2.4%（ ≤ 0.05 在分析中）。直接 LDL-C 也有接近显著的影响（ = 0.07）。其他致动脉粥样硬化脂蛋白特征、血管功能指数、炎症标志物或 HDL 流出物没有显著的治疗效果。
与高剂量（相当于每天摄入约 3 份新鲜草莓）和对照相比，冻干草莓粉的低剂量补充，相当于每天摄入 1 份新鲜草莓，可改善超重或肥胖成年人的胆固醇水平，但未改变其他 CVD 标志物。
