Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan.
Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
Biomater Adv. 2022 Mar;134:112561. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112561. Epub 2021 Nov 24.
Skin has excellent capacity to regenerate, however, in the event of a large injury or burn skin grafts are required to aid wound healing. The regenerative capacity further declines with increasing age and can be further exacerbated with bacterial infection leading to a chronic wound. Engineered skin substitutes can be used to provide a temporary template for the damaged tissue, to prevent/combat bacterial infection and promote healing. In this study, the sol-gel process and electrospinning were combined to fabricate 3D cotton-wool-like sol-gel bioactive glass fibers that mimic the fibrous architecture of skin extracellular matrix (ECM) and deliver metal ions for antibacterial (silver) and therapeutic (calcium and silica species) actions for successful healing of wounds. This study investigated the effects of synthesis and process parameters, in particular sintering temperature on the fiber morphology, the incorporation and distribution of silver and the degradation rate of fibers. Silver nitrate was found to decompose into silver nanoparticles within the glass fibers upon calcination. Furthermore, with increasing calcination temperature the nanoparticles increased in size from 3 nm at 600 °C to ~25 nm at 800 °C. The antibacterial ability of the Ag-doped glass fibers decreased as a function of the glass calcination temperature. The degradation products from the Ag-doped 3D non-woven sol-gel glass fibers were also found to promote fibroblast proliferation thus demonstrating their potential for use in skin regeneration.
皮肤具有出色的再生能力，然而，在发生大面积损伤或烧伤的情况下，需要进行皮肤移植来帮助伤口愈合。随着年龄的增长，这种再生能力进一步下降，细菌感染会进一步加剧，导致慢性伤口。工程化的皮肤替代物可用于为受损组织提供临时模板，以预防/对抗细菌感染并促进愈合。在这项研究中，溶胶-凝胶法和静电纺丝法相结合，制备了 3D 棉花状溶胶-凝胶生物活性玻璃纤维，模拟皮肤细胞外基质 (ECM) 的纤维结构，并递送金属离子，实现抗菌（银）和治疗（钙和硅物种）作用，以成功治愈伤口。本研究探讨了合成和工艺参数的影响，特别是烧结温度对纤维形态、银的掺入和分布以及纤维降解率的影响。发现硝酸银在煅烧过程中分解为玻璃纤维内的纳米银颗粒。此外，随着煅烧温度的升高，纳米颗粒的尺寸从 600°C 时的 3nm 增加到 800°C 时的~25nm。掺杂银的玻璃纤维的抗菌能力随着玻璃煅烧温度的升高而降低。还发现掺杂 Ag 的 3D 无纺溶胶-凝胶玻璃纤维的降解产物也能促进成纤维细胞增殖，从而证明其在皮肤再生中的潜在用途。
