Serigado Joao M, Foulke-Abel Jennifer, Hines William C, Hanson Joshua A, In Julie, Kovbasnjuk Olga
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Apr 20;9:868508. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.868508. eCollection 2022.
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the intestinal tract for which a definitive etiology is yet unknown. Both genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in the development of UC. Recently, single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology revealed cell subpopulations contributing to the pathogenesis of UC and brought new insight into the pathways that connect genome to pathology. This review describes key scRNA-seq findings in two major studies by Broad Institute and University of Oxford, investigating the transcriptomic landscape of epithelial cells in UC. We focus on five major findings: (1) the identification of BEST4 + cells, (2) colonic microfold (M) cells, (3) detailed comparison of the transcriptomes of goblet cells, and (4) colonocytes and (5) stem cells in health and disease. In analyzing the two studies, we identify the commonalities and differences in methodologies, results, and conclusions, offering possible explanations, and validated several cell cluster markers. In systematizing the results, we hope to offer a framework that the broad scientific GI community and GI clinicians can use to replicate or corroborate the extensive new findings that RNA-seq offers.
溃疡性结肠炎（UC）是一种肠道慢性炎症性疾病，其确切病因尚不清楚。遗传和环境因素都与UC的发病有关。最近，单细胞RNA测序（scRNA-seq）技术揭示了参与UC发病机制的细胞亚群，并为连接基因组与病理学的途径带来了新的见解。这篇综述描述了布罗德研究所和牛津大学两项主要研究中的关键scRNA-seq研究结果，这些研究调查了UC上皮细胞的转录组图谱。我们重点关注五个主要发现：（1）BEST4+细胞的鉴定，（2）结肠微褶（M）细胞，（3）杯状细胞转录组的详细比较，（4）结肠细胞，以及（5）健康和疾病状态下的干细胞。在分析这两项研究时，我们确定了方法、结果和结论中的异同，给出了可能的解释，并验证了几种细胞簇标记。在对结果进行系统化整理时，我们希望提供一个框架，广大胃肠科学领域的科研人员和胃肠科临床医生可以利用该框架来重复或证实RNA测序提供的大量新发现。
