Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Division of "Regenerative Orofacial Medicine", Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Int J Implant Dent. 2022 May 9;8(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s40729-022-00421-7.
Placement of dental implants has evolved to be an advantageous treatment option for rehabilitation of the fully or partially edentulous mandible. In case of extensive horizontal bone resorption, the bone volume needs to be augmented prior to or during implant placement in order to obtain dental rehabilitation and maximize implant survival and success.
Our aim was to systematically review the available data on lateral augmentation techniques in the horizontally compromised mandible considering all grafting protocols using xenogeneic, synthetic, or allogeneic material. A computerized and manual literature search was performed for clinical studies (published January 1995 to March 2021).
Eight studies ultimately met the inclusion criteria comprising a total of 276 procedures of xenogeneic, allogeneic, or autogenous bone graft applications in horizontal ridge defects. Particulate materials as well as bone blocks were used as grafts with a mean follow-up of 26.0 months across all included studies. Outcome measures, approaches and materials varied from study to study. A gain of horizontal bone width of the mandible with a mean of 4.8 mm was observed in seven of eight studies. All but one study, reported low bone graft failure rates of 4.4% in average.
Only limited data are available on the impact of different horizontal augmentation strategies in the mandible. The results show outcomes for xenogeneic as well as autologous bone materials for horizontal ridge augmentation of the lower jaw. The use of allogeneic bone-block grafts in combination with resorbable barrier membranes must be re-evaluated. Randomized controlled clinical trials are largely missing.
种植体的植入已经发展成为全口或半口无牙颌患者的一种有利的治疗选择。在广泛的水平骨吸收的情况下，需要在植入物植入前或植入物植入过程中进行骨量增加，以获得牙齿修复，并最大限度地提高种植体的存活率和成功率。
我们的目的是系统地回顾在水平受限的下颌骨中使用所有异种、合成或同种异体材料的侧向增加技术的现有数据。对临床研究（1995 年 1 月至 2021 年 3 月）进行了计算机和手动文献检索。
最终有 8 项研究符合纳入标准，共包括 276 例异种、同种或自体骨移植应用于水平牙槽嵴缺损的病例。在所有纳入的研究中，使用了颗粒材料和骨块作为移植物，平均随访时间为 26.0 个月。研究之间的结果测量、方法和材料均有所不同。在 8 项研究中的 7 项研究中，下颌骨的水平骨宽度平均增加了 4.8mm。除了一项研究外，其余研究的平均骨移植失败率均为 4.4%。
只有有限的数据可用于评估下颌骨不同水平增强策略的影响。结果显示了异种和自体骨材料在增强下颌水平牙槽嵴方面的效果。同种异体骨块移植与可吸收屏障膜联合使用的情况需要重新评估。缺乏大规模的随机对照临床试验。
