Hattingh André, De Bruyn Hugo, Van Weehaeghe Manù, Hommez Geert, Vandeweghe Stefan
Private Practice for Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Sevenoaks, Kent TN15 8BQ, UK.
Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
J Clin Med. 2020 Aug 4;9(8):2504. doi: 10.3390/jcm9082504.
The aim was to evaluate ridge reduction and mucosal recession following immediate placement of ultra-wide implants in molar sockets, without bone grafting. Impressions were taken prior to tooth extraction, 4 months and 1 year after implant placement. The casts were digitized and compared. Mucosal recessions and horizontal ridge reduction were measured. A total of 16 implants were in the maxilla and 11 in the mandible. At the buccal aspect, there was a mean reduction of 0.94 mm after 4 months and 0.89 mm after one year ( = 0.933). At the palatal/lingual aspect, this was 1.09 mm after 4 months and 0.69 mm after 1 year ( = 0.001). After 1 year, a recession of 0.59 mm was measured at the zenith, 1.04 mm at the mesial and 0.98 mm at the distal papilla. The mean midfacial horizontal ridge reduction was 1.23 mm after 4 months and 1.45 mm after 1 year. At the midpalatal/midlingual aspect, the mean horizontal reduction was 1.43 mm after 4 months and 1.16 mm after 1 year. Immediate implant placement without bone grafting in the posterior jaw yields a significant horizontal ridge reduction and minor mucosal recession. Clinicians should anticipate the amount of ridge reduction and consider augmentation at the time of implant placement.
本研究旨在评估在磨牙拔牙窝即刻植入超宽种植体且不进行骨移植后的牙槽嵴吸收和黏膜退缩情况。在拔牙前、种植体植入后4个月和1年时取印模。将模型数字化并进行比较。测量黏膜退缩和水平向牙槽嵴吸收情况。上颌共植入16枚种植体，下颌植入11枚。在颊侧，4个月时平均吸收0.94 mm，1年后为0.89 mm（P = 0.933）。在腭侧/舌侧，4个月时为1.09 mm，1年后为0.69 mm（P = 0.001）。1年后，种植体顶点处黏膜退缩0.59 mm，近中乳头处为1.04 mm，远中乳头处为0.98 mm。4个月时面中部水平向牙槽嵴平均吸收1.23 mm，1年后为1.45 mm。在腭中/舌中处，4个月时水平向平均吸收1.43 mm，1年后为1.16 mm。后牙区不进行骨移植即刻植入种植体会导致明显的水平向牙槽嵴吸收和轻微的黏膜退缩。临床医生应预估牙槽嵴吸收量，并在种植体植入时考虑进行增量手术。
