Muthiah Giredhar, Sarkar Ankita, Roy Shounak, Singh Prem, Kumar Praveen, Bhardwaj Keshav, Jaiswal Amit
School of Basic Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Mandi Kamand Mandi Himachal Pradesh 175075 India.
ChemNanoMat. 2022 Apr;8(4):e202100505. doi: 10.1002/cnma.202100505. Epub 2022 Mar 10.
The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 is unlikely to be contained anytime soon with conventional medical technology. This beckons an urgent demand for novel and innovative interventions in clinical protocols, diagnostics, and therapeutics; to manage the current "disease X" and to be poised to counter its successor of like nature if one were to ever arise. To meet such a demand requires more attention to research on the viral-host interactions and on developing expeditious solutions, the kinds of which seem to spring from promising domains such as nanotechnology. Inducing activity at scales comparable to the viruses themselves, nanotechnology-based preventive measures, diagnostic tools and therapeutics for COVID-19 have been rapidly growing during the pandemic. This review covers the recent and promising nanomedicine-based solutions relating to COVID-19 and how some of these are possibly applicable to a wider range of viruses and pathogens. We also discuss the type, composition, and utility of nanostructures which play various roles specifically under prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. Further, we have highlighted the adoption and commercialization of some the solutions by large and small corporations alike, as well as providing herewith an exhaustive list on nanovaccines.
新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情短期内不太可能通过传统医学技术得到控制。这迫切需要在临床方案、诊断和治疗方面采取新颖和创新的干预措施，以应对当前的“X疾病”，并随时准备应对可能出现的类似性质的后续疾病。为满足这一需求，需要更多地关注病毒与宿主相互作用的研究以及开发快速解决方案，而这类解决方案似乎来自纳米技术等有前景的领域。在新冠疫情期间，基于纳米技术的新冠肺炎预防措施、诊断工具和治疗方法迅速发展，这些措施在与病毒本身相当的尺度上发挥作用。本综述涵盖了近期基于纳米医学的、与新冠肺炎相关的、有前景的解决方案，以及其中一些方案如何可能适用于更广泛的病毒和病原体。我们还讨论了纳米结构的类型、组成和用途，这些纳米结构在预防、诊断和治疗中发挥着各种特定作用。此外，我们强调了一些解决方案被大公司和小公司采用和商业化的情况，并在此提供了一份关于纳米疫苗的详尽清单。
