Institute of Spatial Management, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzka St. 55, 50-357 Wroclaw, Poland.
Department of Applied Economics, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Sq. 24A, 50-363 Wroclaw, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 24;19(9):5171. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095171.
Participatory Budgeting (PB) is considered a human-centered method of public resource management and investment planning, which strongly reflects the needs of the inhabitants of the municipality. The aim of this article is to assess the structure of the inhabitants' needs expressed in the PB procedures in Częstochowa, Poland and their relation to the social and demographic characteristics of the city districts. The standard methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis were used (Pearson correlation coefficient and content analysis of the municipal documents), based on the data about: (1) the projects implemented in Częstochowa PB in the years 2015-2019; (2) the age structures and population density in the districts; and (3) qualitative data on district development characteristics. Based on the authors' typology of projects, it was found that the most popular tasks were related to the comfort and safety of mobility and recreational facilities used for spending free time in public spaces. A relatively lower level of activity of the citizens was found when expressing their needs in central, densely populated districts with a high share of people aged over 65, and a relatively higher level of activity was found in the districts with a high proportion of people aged 0-18 and with lower population density. In the densely populated central districts, relatively high interest in the development of green areas was observed, while in the less populated developing peripheral districts, the preferred infrastructure was related to mobility. These correlations can be logically explained by the conditions related to the development processes of individual districts. The authors conclude that PB can be an important mechanism in determining local needs for the development of public spaces; however, it rewards the needs of the most active social groups.
参与式预算（PB）被认为是一种以人为本的公共资源管理和投资规划方法，强烈反映了直辖市居民的需求。本文旨在评估波兰琴斯托霍瓦市 PB 程序中表达的居民需求结构及其与城市区社会人口特征的关系。使用了定量和定性分析的标准方法（皮尔逊相关系数和市政文件的内容分析），基于以下数据：（1）2015-2019 年琴斯托霍瓦 PB 实施的项目；（2）各地区的年龄结构和人口密度；（3）关于地区发展特点的定性数据。根据作者的项目类型学，发现最受欢迎的任务与公共空间中用于休闲娱乐的舒适性和安全性有关。在人口老龄化比例较高且 65 岁以上人口比例较高的人口密集的市中心区，居民表达需求的积极性相对较低，而在 0-18 岁人口比例较高且人口密度较低的地区，居民表达需求的积极性相对较高。在人口密集的中心区，人们对发展绿地表现出较高的兴趣，而在人口较少的正在发展的外围区，人们更喜欢与交通有关的基础设施。这些相关性可以通过与各个地区发展进程相关的条件来合理地解释。作者得出结论，PB 可以成为确定公共空间发展的地方需求的重要机制；然而，它奖励的是最活跃的社会群体的需求。
