School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 26;19(9):5243. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095243.
Tea is the main commercial crop grown in China, and excessive application of chemical fertilizers in tea plantations is common. However, the potential to reduce chemical fertilizer use in tea plantations is unclear. In this study, Zhejiang Province was selected as the research object to systematically analyze the potential for tea plantation chemical-fertilizer reduction at different spatial scales. The geographic information system-based analytic hierarchy process method and Soil and Water Assessment Tool model were used to determine the chemical fertilizer reduction potential at the province scale and watershed scale, respectively. At the field scale, two consecutive years of field experiments were conducted on a tea plantation. Province-level analysis showed that 51.7% of the area had an average total fertilization intensity greater than 350 kg/hm and a high reduction potential. Watershed analysis revealed that chemical fertilizer reduction had better potential in reducing total nitrogen and total phosphorus inputs to runoff in the short term, whereas 50% organic fertilizer substitution was the best strategy to achieve long-term effects. The field experiments further proved that organic fertilizer substitution balanced tea growth and environmental protection. This study provides a useful method to investigate strategies to reduce chemical fertilizer use in tea-growing areas.
茶是中国主要的商业作物，茶园中过度施用化肥的现象较为普遍。然而，茶园减少化肥使用的潜力尚不清楚。本研究以浙江省为研究对象，系统分析了不同空间尺度茶园减少化肥用量的潜力。采用基于地理信息系统的层次分析法和土壤和水评估工具模型，分别确定了省级和流域级的化肥减排潜力。在田间尺度上，对茶园进行了连续两年的田间试验。省级分析表明，有 51.7%的区域平均总施肥强度大于 350kg/hm，具有较高的减排潜力。流域分析表明，短期内减少总氮和总磷输入径流的化肥减排潜力较好，而 50%的有机肥替代是实现长期效果的最佳策略。田间试验进一步证明，有机肥替代可以平衡茶叶生长和环境保护。本研究为调查茶园减少化肥使用策略提供了一种有用的方法。
