Pneumology, Allergology and Thoracic Surgery Department, University Hospital Puerta del Mar, 11009 Cádiz, Spain.
Pneumology Department, Hospital Punta Europa, 11207 Algeciras, Cádiz, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 3;19(9):5564. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095564.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a complex and heterogeneous disease, with pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations, which leads to the need to personalize the assessment and treatment of these patients. The latest updates of national and international guidelines for the management of COPD reveal the importance of respiratory rehabilitation (RR) and its role in improving symptoms, quality of life, and psychosocial sphere of patients. Within RR, the inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has received special interest, showing benefits in maximum inspiratory pressure, perception of well-being, and health status in patients with chronic heart disease, respiratory diseases, and dyspnea during exercise. The aim of this review is to assess the efficacy of IMT in COPD patients through the use of inspiratory muscle training devices, compared with respiratory rehabilitation programs without inspiratory muscle training. In the last years, many mechanical devices focused on inspiratory muscle training have been developed, some of them, such as the AirOFit PRO™, PowerBreath, or FeelBreathe, have shown clear benefits. The active search for candidate patients to undergo the RR program with inspiratory muscle training using this type of device in COPD patients represents an advance in the treatment of this disease, with direct benefits on the quality of life of the patients. In this article, we review the available evidence on IMT in these patients and describe the different devices used for it.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是一种复杂且异质性的疾病，具有肺部和肺外表现，这导致需要对这些患者进行个性化评估和治疗。COPD 管理的国内外最新指南更新揭示了呼吸康复（RR）的重要性及其在改善患者症状、生活质量和心理社会领域的作用。在 RR 中，吸气肌训练（IMT）受到了特别关注，在慢性心脏病、呼吸系统疾病和运动时呼吸困难患者的最大吸气压力、幸福感和健康状况方面显示出益处。本综述的目的是通过使用吸气肌训练设备评估 IMT 在 COPD 患者中的疗效，与没有吸气肌训练的 RR 方案进行比较。在过去几年中，已经开发出许多专注于吸气肌训练的机械设备，其中一些设备，如 AirOFit PRO™、PowerBreath 或 FeelBreathe，已经显示出明显的益处。积极寻找适合的患者，使用此类设备在 COPD 患者中进行 RR 计划加吸气肌训练，代表了对该疾病治疗的一项进展，可直接改善患者的生活质量。在本文中，我们回顾了这些患者中 IMT 的现有证据，并描述了用于 IMT 的不同设备。
