School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia.
Department of Obstetric Medicine, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia.
Nutrients. 2022 May 6;14(9):1953. doi: 10.3390/nu14091953.
The observation that the gut microbiota is different in healthy weight as compared with the obese state has sparked interest in the possible modulation of the microbiota in response to weight change. This systematic review investigates the effect of food-based weight loss diets on microbiota outcomes (α-diversity, β-diversity, relative bacterial abundance, and faecal short-chain fatty acids, SCFAs) in individuals without medical comorbidities who have successfully lost weight. Nineteen studies were included using the keywords 'obesity', 'weight loss', 'microbiota', and related terms. Across all 28 diet intervention arms, there were minimal changes in α- and β-diversity and faecal SCFA concentrations following weight loss. Changes in relative bacterial abundance at the phylum and genus level were inconsistent across studies. Further research with larger sample sizes, detailed dietary reporting, and consistent microbiota analysis techniques are needed to further our understanding of the effect of diet-induced weight loss on the gut microbiota.
研究发现，与肥胖状态相比，健康体重人群的肠道微生物群存在差异，这激发了人们对通过饮食来调节微生物群以响应体重变化的兴趣。本系统综述调查了在没有合并症的成功减肥个体中，基于食物的减肥饮食对微生物组结果（α多样性、β多样性、相对细菌丰度和粪便短链脂肪酸（SCFA））的影响。使用了“肥胖”、“体重减轻”、“微生物群”和相关术语等关键词，共纳入了 19 项研究。在所有 28 个饮食干预组中，体重减轻后α多样性和β多样性以及粪便 SCFA 浓度仅有微小变化。在门和属水平上相对细菌丰度的变化在研究间不一致。需要进一步开展具有更大样本量、详细饮食报告和一致的微生物组分析技术的研究，以进一步了解饮食诱导的体重减轻对肠道微生物群的影响。
