Akbari Hesam Addin, Yoosefi Mohammad, Pourabbas Maryam, Weiss Katja, Knechtle Beat, Vancini Rodrigo Luiz, Trakada Georgia, Ben Saad Helmi, Lavie Carl J, Ghram Amine
Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran 1415563117, Iran.
Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, 9100 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
J Clin Med. 2022 Apr 22;11(9):2346. doi: 10.3390/jcm11092346.
COVID-19 restrictions are associated with poor physical-activity (PA). Less is known about the relationship between the combination of these restrictions with Ramadan intermittent fasting (RIF), PA, mental health, and sleep-quality. The present study aimed to evaluate whether COVID-19 restrictions and RIF during the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran are associated with poor PA, anxiety, well-being, and sleep-quality outcomes. A total of 510 individuals participated in an online questionnaire that was disseminated to adults (≥18 years) residing in Iran from 13 May 2021 to 16 May 2021 (~3 days), just after the end of Ramadan 2021. PA behavior (Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder-7), well-being (Mental Health Continuum-Short Form), and sleep-quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index). Of 510 individuals included in the study (331 female (64.9%); mean ± SD, 31 ± 12 years), 172 (33.7%) reported less PA during the Ramadan 2021. PA was associated with better well-being and sleep-quality outcomes. Regardless of PA, participants who fasted for all of Ramadan had less anxiety and better well-being outcomes than those who fasted part of Ramadan or did not fast at all. However, the fasting part of Ramadan decreased the sleep-quality of active participants. The Ramadan 2021 was associated with poor PA, well-being, and sleep-quality of Iranians. However, PA was associated with better well-being and sleep-quality outcomes, and those who fasted all Ramadan had better anxiety and well-being outcomes. Therefore, PA during Ramadan might be an essential and scalable mental health resilience builder during COVID-19 restrictions which should be encouraged.
新冠疫情防控措施与身体活动（PA）不足有关。对于这些防控措施与斋月间歇性禁食（RIF）、身体活动、心理健康和睡眠质量之间的关系，我们了解得较少。本研究旨在评估在伊朗新冠疫情第四波期间，新冠疫情防控措施和斋月间歇性禁食是否与身体活动不足、焦虑、幸福感和睡眠质量不佳有关。共有510人参与了一项在线问卷调查，该问卷于2021年5月13日至2021年5月16日（约3天）分发给居住在伊朗的成年人（≥18岁），这刚好是在2021年斋月结束之后。调查内容包括身体活动行为（戈丁-谢泼德休闲时间运动问卷）、焦虑（广泛性焦虑障碍-7）、幸福感（心理健康连续体简表）和睡眠质量（匹兹堡睡眠质量指数）。在纳入研究的510人中（331名女性（64.9%）；平均±标准差，31±12岁），172人（33.7%）报告称在2021年斋月期间身体活动减少。身体活动与更好的幸福感和睡眠质量结果相关。无论身体活动情况如何，整个斋月都禁食的参与者比部分斋月禁食或完全不禁食的参与者焦虑更少，幸福感更好。然而，斋月禁食部分降低了活跃参与者的睡眠质量。2021年斋月与伊朗人的身体活动不足、幸福感和睡眠质量不佳有关。然而，身体活动与更好的幸福感和睡眠质量结果相关，并且整个斋月都禁食的人焦虑和幸福感结果更好。因此，斋月期间的身体活动可能是新冠疫情防控期间一种重要且可推广增强心理健康恢复力的方式，应予以鼓励。
