Sim Ralene, Yong Kenneth, Liu Yu-Chi, Tong Louis
Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 168751, Singapore.
Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore.
J Clin Med. 2022 Apr 22;11(9):2349. doi: 10.3390/jcm11092349.
In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) imaging is increasingly popular in ocular surface disease diagnosis and management. We conducted a systematic review to update the use of IVCM in the diagnosis and treatment of dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). A literature review was conducted on IVCM studies in MGD, dry eye disease, systemic disease causing dry eye, dry eye in glaucoma patients, contact lens-associated ocular conditions, graft-versus-host disease, and Sjogren's syndrome-related dry eye. The articles were identified through PubMed and a total number of 63 eligible publications were analyzed in detail. All primary research studies on confocal microscopy on dry eye and related conditions from 2017 onwards were included. The reports were reviewed for their contribution to the existing literature as well as potential biases and drawbacks. Despite limitations such as small field of view, lack of population-based norms, and lack of standardization of image acquisition, interpretation, and quantification, IVCM is useful as a complementary technique for clinical diagnosis in various ocular surface disorders related to dry eye. With advances in hardware and software in the near future, it has the potential for further practical impact.
体内共聚焦显微镜检查（IVCM）成像在眼表疾病的诊断和管理中越来越受欢迎。我们进行了一项系统综述，以更新IVCM在干眼和睑板腺功能障碍（MGD）诊断和治疗中的应用。对关于MGD、干眼疾病、导致干眼的全身性疾病、青光眼患者的干眼、与隐形眼镜相关的眼部疾病、移植物抗宿主病以及干燥综合征相关干眼的IVCM研究进行了文献综述。通过PubMed检索文章，共详细分析了63篇符合条件的出版物。纳入了2017年以来所有关于干眼及相关病症共聚焦显微镜检查的主要研究。对这些报告对现有文献的贡献以及潜在的偏倚和缺点进行了审查。尽管存在诸如视野小、缺乏基于人群的标准以及图像采集、解读和量化缺乏标准化等局限性，但IVCM作为一种辅助技术，在各种与干眼相关的眼表疾病的临床诊断中是有用的。随着硬件和软件在不久的将来取得进展，它有可能产生更大的实际影响。
