Former Member of the PASSI Coordinating Group, National Centre for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, Rome, Italy.
National Institute of Public Health, National Centre for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Rome, Italy.
Eur J Public Health. 2022 Aug 1;32(4):617-623. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac037.
Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are a major cause of the disease burden worldwide and contribute substantially to health care costs, in particular in people with diabetes. Their incidence can be reduced by multi-factorial interventions. This study intends to describe the occurrence of CV risk and protective/preventive factors in the adult population resident in Italy, to better target public health interventions.
Data collected in 2016-19 from adults aged 18-69 years, participating in the Italian Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System (PASSI) based on a cross-sectional design, were used. The frequency of CV risk/protective factors was estimated in people with and without diabetes. The contribution of socioeconomic level (SEL) to CV risk was also explored.
Among 129 989 respondents, 4.7% received a diagnosis of diabetes. Many CV risk factors were significantly more frequent in people with diabetes, who often presented multiple risk factors. At the same time, they adopted protective behaviours and received treatments and preventive interventions more often than those without diabetes. Relevant disparities were observed between SEL groups in diabetic people, with the least advantaged showing a worse risk profile.
Adults resident in Italy with diabetes are exposed to CV risk factors more often than those without diabetes. However, they show an increased attention to control these factors and receive more frequent health care, although less than ideal in absolute terms. There is an opportunity to reduce the important CV disease burden in the population through preventive/health promotion targeted interventions, prioritizing people with diabetes and of lower SEL.
心血管疾病是全球疾病负担的主要原因，对医疗保健成本有重大影响，尤其是在糖尿病患者中。通过多因素干预可以降低其发病率。本研究旨在描述意大利成年居民心血管风险和保护/预防因素的发生情况，以便更好地针对公共卫生干预措施。
使用了 2016-19 年参加意大利行为危险因素监测系统（PASSI）的 18-69 岁成年人的数据，该研究基于横断面设计。在有和没有糖尿病的人群中估计了心血管风险/保护因素的频率。还探讨了社会经济地位（SEL）对心血管风险的贡献。
在 129989 名受访者中，4.7%被诊断患有糖尿病。许多心血管危险因素在糖尿病患者中更为常见，他们经常同时存在多种危险因素。与此同时，他们比没有糖尿病的人更经常采取保护行为，接受治疗和预防干预。在糖尿病患者中，不同 SEL 群体之间存在显著差异，处于不利地位的群体风险状况更差。
居住在意大利的糖尿病成年人比没有糖尿病的成年人更容易接触到心血管危险因素。然而，他们对控制这些因素的关注度增加，并且更频繁地接受医疗保健，尽管在绝对值上并不理想。通过针对糖尿病患者和社会经济地位较低者的预防/健康促进靶向干预措施，有机会减少人群中重要的心血管疾病负担。
