Sector for Evidence-Based Healthcare, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Setia Alam, Malaysia.
Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Setia Alam, Malaysia.
Front Public Health. 2022 Apr 28;10:859350. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.859350. eCollection 2022.
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a blood-borne virus that can be transmitted by percutaneous and mucocutaneous contact with infected bodily fluid. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are more exposed to HBV infection. They must have a thorough understanding of HBV infection since they can contract and spread the virus. In this study, we systematically reviewed all published evidence on the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among HCWs. and synthesize evidence on the association between knowledge and awareness with HBV infection.
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Scopus for studies reporting on HBV seroprevalence from January 1997 to September 2021 among healthcare workers. We used random-effects meta-analyses to estimate the pool prevalence of HBV infection.
We identified 25 studies that met our inclusion criteria, with data on 10,043 adults from 11 countries and two regions: Africa and Asia. The overall seroprevalence of HBV was 5.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.6%), with Africa reporting higher estimates (5.0%, 95% CI 3.7%) than Asia population (4.0%, 95% CI 1.9%). The highest pooled prevalence estimate in African countries came from studies published in the Cameroon region (8.0%, 95% CI 5-10%) while the lowest came from Ethiopia (4.0%, 95% CI 2.6%). The overall seroprevalence estimates in the African population were significantly higher than those in the Asian group. Studies in Africa found that the average knowledge and seroprevalence were 1.4% and 11.0%, respectively where, eight studies (53.3%) reported good knowledge and seven studies (46.7%) reported average knowledge. In Asia, two studies (40.0%) reported good knowledge, one study (20.0%) reporting average knowledge, and two studies (40.0%) reporting poor knowledge. African studies demonstrated good knowledge despite the fact that their HBV infection rate was higher than 6.7%.
Africa and Asia have the highest seroprevalence of HBV infection. Improving the comparability of epidemiological and clinical studies constitutes an important step forward. More high-quality data is needed to improve the precision of burden estimates.
PROSPERO CRD42021279905.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）是一种通过与受感染的体液的经皮和黏膜接触传播的血源性病原体。医护人员（HCWs）更容易感染乙型肝炎病毒。他们必须对乙型肝炎病毒感染有深入的了解，因为他们可能会感染和传播这种病毒。在这项研究中，我们系统地回顾了所有已发表的关于乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染在医护人员中的血清流行率的证据，并综合了关于乙型肝炎病毒感染与知识和意识之间关系的证据。
我们检索了 1997 年 1 月至 2021 年 9 月期间发表的关于医护人员中乙型肝炎病毒血清流行率的 PubMed、EMBASE、Cochrane 图书馆和 Scopus 中的研究。我们使用随机效应荟萃分析来估计 HBV 感染的总流行率。
我们确定了 25 项符合纳入标准的研究，这些研究的数据来自 11 个国家和两个地区的 10043 名成年人：非洲和亚洲。HBV 的总血清流行率为 5.0%（95%置信区间 [CI] 3.6%），非洲的报告估计值（5.0%，95%CI 3.7%）高于亚洲人群（4.0%，95%CI 1.9%）。在非洲国家发表的研究中，最高的合并流行率估计值来自喀麦隆地区（8.0%，95%CI 5-10%），而最低的来自埃塞俄比亚（4.0%，95%CI 2.6%）。非洲人群的总流行率估计值明显高于亚洲组。在非洲的研究发现，平均知识和血清流行率分别为 1.4%和 11.0%，其中 8 项研究（53.3%）报告了良好的知识，7 项研究（46.7%）报告了平均知识。在亚洲，两项研究（40.0%）报告了良好的知识，一项研究（20.0%）报告了平均知识，两项研究（40.0%）报告了较差的知识。尽管非洲的乙型肝炎病毒感染率高于 6.7%，但他们的研究显示出了良好的知识。
非洲和亚洲的乙型肝炎病毒感染血清流行率最高。提高流行病学和临床研究的可比性是向前迈出的重要一步。需要更多高质量的数据来提高负担估计的准确性。
PROSPERO CRD42021279905。
