Liu Ze, Liu Qi, Guo Hongbin, Liang Jieyu, Zhang Yi
Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022 Apr 28;10:837430. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.837430. eCollection 2022.
Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a kind of bone regeneration technology. The principle is to incise the cortical bone and apply continuous and stable distraction force to the fractured end of the cortical bone, thereby promoting the proliferation of osteoblastic cells in the tension microenvironment and stimulating new bone formation. However, the long consolidation course of DO presumably lead to several complications such as infection, fracture, scar formation, delayed union and malunion. Therefore, it is of clinical significance to reduce the long treatment duration. The current treatment strategy to promote osteogenesis in DO includes gene, growth factor, stem-cell, physical and pharmacological therapies. Among these methods, pharmacological and physical therapies are considered as safe, economical, convenience and effective. Recently, several physical and pharmacological therapies have been demonstrated with a decent ability to enhance bone regeneration during DO. In this review, we have comprehensively summarized the latest evidence for physical (Photonic, Waves, Gas, Mechanical, Electrical and Electromagnetic stimulation) and pharmacological (Bisphosphonates, Hormone, Metal compounds, Biologics, Chinese medicine, etc) therapies in DO. These evidences will bring novel and significant information for the bone healing during DO in the future.
牵张成骨术（DO）是一种骨再生技术。其原理是切开皮质骨，并对皮质骨骨折端施加持续稳定的牵张力，从而促进张力微环境中成骨细胞的增殖，刺激新骨形成。然而，DO的长期愈合过程可能会导致多种并发症，如感染、骨折、瘢痕形成、延迟愈合和畸形愈合。因此，缩短较长的治疗时间具有临床意义。目前在DO中促进成骨的治疗策略包括基因治疗、生长因子治疗、干细胞治疗、物理治疗和药物治疗。在这些方法中，药物治疗和物理治疗被认为是安全、经济、方便且有效的。最近，几种物理和药物治疗方法已被证明在DO过程中具有增强骨再生的良好能力。在这篇综述中，我们全面总结了物理（光子、波、气体、机械、电和电磁刺激）和药物（双膦酸盐、激素、金属化合物、生物制剂、中药等）治疗DO的最新证据。这些证据将为未来DO过程中的骨愈合带来新的重要信息。
