Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland (Department of Clinical Toxicology).
Pomeranian Center of Toxicology, Gdańsk, Poland.
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2022 Oct 3;35(5):527-535. doi: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01838. Epub 2022 May 13.
The objectives of this study included evaluating and reporting on the initial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and preventive measures in the form of a lockdown on self-poisoning tendencies in northern Poland.
The authors retrospectively analyzed medical records of all patients (N = 2990) admitted to the Pomeranian Center of Toxicology in 2018-2020. Of those, further analysis included 2140 patients who had been admitted because of a suicide attempt by self-poisoning. The authors also selected a group of 40 patients on the basis of a self-reported direct relationship of the suicide attempt with the COVID-19 pandemic or the imposed lockdown.
The rates of suicide attempts in toxicological patients over the years ranged 68.18-75.3%. The patients were predominantly female, with age between M±SD 33.2±16.9 and 36.0±16.4. Each year, over 60% of patients were admitted during their first attempt and were treated psychiatrically prior to their attempt, with differences observed in the COVID-19-related group. The alcohol intoxication during the suicide attempt was confirmed in 37.40-43.53% of the patients, with a higher rate of 52.50% observed in the COVID-19-related group. The main self-reported reason for the suicide was a romantic relationship conflict or breakup, and a conflict and/or violence in the family. The most frequent agents were over-the-counter painkillers, antidepressants, antipsychotics and benzodiazepines or Z-drugs.
During the initial year of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a fall of suicide attempts by self-poisonings in northern Poland, significant only in the case of women. The self-reported reasons were similar in all years, with mainly minor changes. There was also an increase in attempts made using benzodiazepines or Z-drugs seen in 2020 and in the COVID-19-related group. The authors believe that there is a need for multi-center, large-scale prospective studies that would provide better insight into the pandemic-related suicidal trends. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2022;35(5):527-35.
本研究旨在评估和报告 COVID-19 大流行期间采取的封锁等预防措施对波兰北部地区自我中毒倾向的初始影响。
作者回顾性分析了 2018-2020 年波美拉尼亚毒理学中心收治的所有患者（N=2990）的病历。其中，进一步分析包括 2140 名因自杀性自我中毒而入院的患者。作者还根据自我报告的自杀企图与 COVID-19 大流行或实施封锁之间的直接关系，选择了 40 名患者的一组。
多年来，毒理学患者的自杀企图率在 68.18%至 75.3%之间。患者主要为女性，年龄在 M±SD 33.2±16.9 岁至 36.0±16.4 岁之间。每年，超过 60%的患者在首次尝试时入院，并在尝试前接受过精神科治疗，在与 COVID-19 相关的组中观察到差异。自杀尝试期间酒精中毒的确认率在 37.40%至 43.53%之间，与 COVID-19 相关组的 52.50%的更高率。自我报告的自杀主要原因是浪漫关系冲突或破裂，以及家庭冲突和/或暴力。最常报告的药物是非处方止痛药、抗抑郁药、抗精神病药和苯二氮䓬类或 Z 类药物。
在 COVID-19 大流行的初始年份，波兰北部地区的自我中毒自杀企图有所下降，女性的下降尤为显著。所有年份的自我报告原因相似，主要变化较小。2020 年和与 COVID-19 相关的组中，使用苯二氮䓬类或 Z 类药物的企图也有所增加。作者认为，有必要进行多中心、大规模的前瞻性研究，以便更好地了解大流行相关的自杀趋势。国际职业医学与环境卫生杂志。2022；35（5）：527-35。
