Valero Erika, Utzet Mireia, Martín Unai
Grupo Opik en Determinantes Sociales de la Salud y Cambio Demográfico, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, España; Departamento de Sociología y Trabajo Social, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Leioa, Bizkaia, España.
Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España.
Gac Sanit. 2022 Sep-Oct;36(5):477-483. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.11.006. Epub 2022 May 14.
To analyse the relationship between precarious employment, measured by dimensions and as a multidimensional index, on the mental health of salaried men and women in the Basque Country (Spain).
A subsample (n=3345) of the 2018 Basque Autonomous Community Health Survey was used to calculate the standardised prevalence of poor mental health according to the degree of precarious employment, measured as a composite scale and by each of its dimensions, and to perform robust Poisson regression models to analyse the association between precarious employment, also composite and by dimensions, and the mental health of the salaried population.
Precarious employment is significantly associated with poor mental health among men (prevalence ratio [PR]: 3.51; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 2.05-6.01) and women (PR: 3.42; 95%CI: 2.35-4.97). Additionally, some of its constituent dimensions, such as wage level among both sexes (PR: 2.58, 95%CI: 1.65-4.03, and PR: 2.29, 95%CI: 1.58-3.32) or vulnerability among women (PR: 2.55; 95%CI: 1.80-3.61), also appear to be significantly and independently related to poorer mental health status.
It is necessary to approach precarious employment from a multidimensional perspective, and to know the relative importance of each of its dimensions, both for research into its effects on health and for policy interventions directed at combating this phenomenon.
分析以维度衡量的不稳定就业以及作为多维指标的不稳定就业与西班牙巴斯克地区受薪男女心理健康之间的关系。
使用2018年巴斯克自治区健康调查的一个子样本（n = 3345），根据不稳定就业程度计算心理健康不佳的标准化患病率，不稳定就业程度以综合量表及其各维度进行衡量，并进行稳健的泊松回归模型分析不稳定就业（同样以综合形式和各维度形式）与受薪人群心理健康之间的关联。
不稳定就业与男性（患病率比[PR]：3.51；95%置信区间[95%CI]：2.05 - 6.01）和女性（PR：3.42；95%CI：2.35 - 4.97）的心理健康不佳显著相关。此外，其一些构成维度，如男女的工资水平（PR：2.58，95%CI：1.65 - 4.03，以及PR：2.29，95%CI：1.58 - 3.32）或女性中的易损性（PR：2.55；95%CI：1.80 - 3.61），似乎也与较差的心理健康状况显著且独立相关。
有必要从多维角度看待不稳定就业，并了解其各维度的相对重要性，这对于研究其对健康的影响以及针对应对这一现象的政策干预措施都很有必要。
