Wang Leanne, Allman-Farinelli Margaret, Yang Jiue-An, Taylor Jennifer C, Gemming Luke, Hekler Eric, Rangan Anna
Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States.
Front Nutr. 2022 May 2;9:852984. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.852984. eCollection 2022.
As food intake patterns become less structured, different methods of dietary assessment may be required to capture frequently omitted snacks, smaller meals, and the time of day when they are consumed. Incorporating sensors that passively and objectively detect eating behavior may assist in capturing these eating occasions into dietary assessment methods. The aim of this study was to identify and collate sensor-based technologies that are feasible for dietitians to use to assist with performing dietary assessments in real-world practice settings. A scoping review was conducted using the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) framework. Studies were included if they were published between January 2016 and December 2021 and evaluated the performance of sensor-based devices for identifying and recording the time of food intake. Devices from included studies were further evaluated against a set of feasibility criteria to determine whether they could potentially be used to assist dietitians in conducting dietary assessments. The feasibility criteria were, in brief, consisting of an accuracy ≥80%; tested in settings where subjects were free to choose their own foods and activities; social acceptability and comfort; a long battery life; and a relatively rapid detection of an eating episode. Fifty-four studies describing 53 unique devices and 4 device combinations worn on the wrist ( = 18), head ( = 16), neck ( = 9), and other locations ( = 14) were included. Whilst none of the devices strictly met all feasibility criteria currently, continuous refinement and testing of device software and hardware are likely given the rapidly changing nature of this emerging field. The main reasons devices failed to meet the feasibility criteria were: an insufficient or lack of reporting on battery life (91%), the use of a limited number of foods and behaviors to evaluate device performance (63%), and the device being socially unacceptable or uncomfortable to wear for long durations (46%). Until sensor-based dietary assessment tools have been designed into more inconspicuous prototypes and are able to detect most food and beverage consumption throughout the day, their use will not be feasible for dietitians in practice settings.
随着食物摄入模式变得越来越不规律，可能需要采用不同的膳食评估方法来捕捉经常被遗漏的零食、少量餐食以及它们的食用时间。纳入能够被动且客观地检测进食行为的传感器，可能有助于将这些进食情况纳入膳食评估方法中。本研究的目的是识别和整理基于传感器的技术，这些技术对营养师在实际应用场景中进行膳食评估是可行的。使用PRISMA扩展的范围综述（PRISMA-ScR）框架进行了一项范围综述。如果研究发表于2016年1月至2021年12月之间，并评估了基于传感器的设备识别和记录食物摄入时间的性能，则纳入该研究。对纳入研究中的设备进一步根据一组可行性标准进行评估，以确定它们是否有可能用于协助营养师进行膳食评估。简要来说，可行性标准包括：准确率≥80%；在受试者可以自由选择自己的食物和活动的环境中进行测试；社会可接受性和舒适度；长电池寿命；以及相对快速地检测进食事件。纳入了54项描述53种独特设备和4种设备组合的研究，这些设备佩戴在手腕（n = 18）、头部（n = 16）、颈部（n = 9）和其他部位（n = 14）。虽然目前没有一种设备严格满足所有可行性标准，但鉴于这个新兴领域的快速变化性质，设备的软件和硬件很可能会不断改进和测试。设备未能满足可行性标准的主要原因是：电池寿命报告不足或缺乏（91%）、用于评估设备性能的食物和行为数量有限（63%），以及设备在社会上不可接受或长时间佩戴不舒服（46%）。在基于传感器的膳食评估工具被设计成更不显眼的原型，并且能够检测一整天内的大多数食物和饮料消费之前对于营养师在实际应用场景中来说，它们的使用将不可行。
